Carol Ann Duffys Little Red-Cap and Delilah Essay -- Carol Ann Duffy

Carol Ann Duffys Little Red-Cap and DelilahDuring the 1980s, a unique type and musical mode of women-led field pansy protest strategies emerged that relied on the regent(postnominal) language, and particularly the powerful imagery of women as a group engaged in an extended protest against thermonuclear weapons (LaWare 18). Carol Ann Duffys book, The Worlds Wife, was first published in Great Britain in 1999, and two of its dramatic monologues similarly rely on the powerful language and imagery of women engaged in a protest against historically patriarchal narratives and male violence. While some peace encampments in the 1980s included men and women, many were women only, including one of the first and longest lasting peace encampments, the Womens Peace Camp at Greenham Common in crudebury, England, which evolved into and ignited a womens peace movement (LaWare 18). Thousands of women from Britain and the world later visited and lived at the camp during its almost twenty years o f existence, until the last group of women left in 2000, and while its non clear whether Duffy visited the camp, the camps strategies of resistance are embedded in two of her poems (LaWare 19). The speakers of Little Red-Cap and Delilah employ the camps strategies of physically cover a symbol of male violence, subsequently defacing the symbol through an act of creative nonviolence, and finally transforming the symbols patriarchal sphere into a shoes filled with peace and feminine imagery. First, the speakers of Duffys two poems resemble the protestors at Greenham Common who physically embraced a symbol of male violence The Greenham Common Womens Peace Camp gained both national and international attention in D... ...orlds Wife. New York Faber, 1999. 28-29. ---. Little Red-Cap. The Worlds Wife. New York Faber, 1999. 3-4.Holy Bible, New International Version. Zondervan, gen. ed. International Bible Society, 1984. BibleGateway.com. Gospel Communications International. 14 May 2005 search=judges%2016&version1=31. LaWare, Margaret L. Circling the Missiles and Staining Them Red Feminist Rhetorical Invention and Strategies of impedance at the Womens Peace Camp at Greenham Common. NWSA Journal 16.3 (2004) 18-41.Little Red Riding-Hood Picture Book. London George Routledge and Sons, circa 1870. The Little Red Riding Hood Project. Ed. Michael N. Salda. Dec. 1995. The de Grummond Childrens Literature Research Collection, University of Southern Mississippi. 14 May 2005

Migraines: That Ache In Your Head Essay -- Biology Essays Research Pap

Migraines That Ache In Your HeadHave you ever had a care? That pounding pain that would not go away, it was belike a headache, however there is another type of headache that happens to one side of the head and could also cause nausea, sensitivity to light, sound or odors. alike accompanying the migraine is a aura, which could be flashes of light, or temporally lose your vision, in any case it is a visual impairment. (1) Migraines differ from headaches because a migraine is a neurological disease. (2) Many Americans are affected by migraines, it is estimated that eleven to eighteen million people are affected, which most of them are women. Migraines are in truth disabling as well as having life-threatening outcomes. (2) Now you might be saying to yourself, rise up we know the symptoms of a migraine but what causes migraines? Well the causes are unknown, since triggers, external forces that cause the migraine to occur, vary from person to person. Triggers range from stress, smells, sights, noises and even things a person eats. (3) However there are many theories on what occurs within the forefront to cause the pain and throbbing.One of the theories on what occurs within the brain during migraines is breed vessels increase blood flow, which makes the blood vessels expand. The expansion of the blood vessels triggers nervousness within the brain and this nerve activity cause a person to feel pain as well as causes the tissue around the brain to become inflamed. (2) Another theory suggests that the brain stem becomes overly activated which causes the release of chemical messengers. The chemical messengers causes inflammation and pain in the fibers surrounding blood vessels. (4)A similar theory to the one described above sugges... ...there are preventive and management measures a person can use to help their condition. References1)What is a Migraine Headache? http//www.aan.com/public/aaninfo/migraine.htm2)Migraines Myth Vs. Realityhttp//www.migraines.org/myth/ mythreal.htm3)Migraine Headachehttp//www.mckinley.uiuc.edu/health-info/dis-cond/headache/migr-hea.html4)Migraines Myth & Realityhttp//www.migraines.org/myth/mythwall.htm5)Headache- Hope Through Researchhttp//www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/headache/detail_headache.htm6)The Pain is in the Brain http//infotrac.galegroup.com/itweb/brynmawr_main?http_rc=400&class=session&sev=temp&type=session&cause=http%3A%2F%2Fweb3.infotrac.galegroup.com%2Fitw%2Finfomark%2F290%2F130%2F47974424w3%2Fpurl%3Drc1_EAIM_0_A59535401%26dyn%3D3xrn_12_0_A59535401%3Fsw_aep%3Dbrynmawr_main&cont=&msg=No+Session+cookies&sserv=no

Sex and Drugs Have Always Been in the Music Essays -- Exploratory Essa

It seems as if approximatelyone is always complaining about public music on the market. References to illegal drugs and sexual conduct are two of the most common complaints. Adults claim that rock and roll stars are bad influences to children. The melodious content of songs and the examples set by musical idols are not suitable for minors. Todays music, especially, tests the limits of good taste. Objections to artists like Eminem, Lil Kim, and Fred Durst are everyday occurrences, but what the judgmental public and media do not discuss is that these complaints are anything but new. Songs by the Beatles, the Beach Boys, and the Doors have also been objects of this type of condemnation. Even as far back as operas by Germanys Richard Wagner in the late 19th century, there exist examples of sexual behavior in music. Perhaps these scornful antagonists should look into their own music collection forward they burn their childrens at the stake. The Beatles were English hear tthrobs that took America by storm. Songs like I Wanna Hold Your Hand, and When I Saw You, were teenage girls anthems. The Beatles were the picture of a good intent model. Who would imagine that these clean-cut boys with harmonious voices would sing about drugs in some of their later work? It is well known that after a while some of the band began to abuse illegal drugs. Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds, which was so well known that archeologists were naming findings after it, was actually a tribute to LSD. Hey Jude, which was publicized as a song written by Paul McCartney to John Lennons oldest son Julian at the time of his fathers remarriage, was rumored to actually be about heroin. The minute you permit it under your skin, the... ...rence. Indianapolis, Indiana, 03-24-95, Presentation. Chappell, Kevin. Ebony. Vol. 162, Issue 3, p.60, 6c. 01-98. Eminem. Slim Shady lp.1999. Gates, David. Woodstock Testival, 1969. Newsweek. Vol.124, Issue 6, p.38, 12c, 4bw. 08-08-94. Hal l, Dana. Billboard. Vol.112, Issue 33, p.69, 3/5p, 2bw. 08-12-00 Holland, Bill. Billboard. Vol.111, Issue 19, p.73, 2/5p. Innaurato, Albert Levine, Joshua. Forbes. Vol. 162, Issue 12, p.400, 1/3p, 1c. 11-30-98. Krenske, Leigh McKay, Jim. Gender Place and Culture A Journal of Feminist Geography. Vol. 7, Issue 3, p.287, 18p. 09-00. Mandel, Charles. Alberta Report.Newsmagazine. Vol. 25, Issue 22, p.28, 1p, 1bw. 05-18-98. Wilson, Janelle. ETC A View of General Semantics. Vol. 57, Issue 3, p.290, 14p. Fall 2000. Wilson Quarterly. Vol. 19, Issue 1, p.148, 2p. Winter 1995.

The Evolution of John Steinbeck Essay -- Biography Biographies Essays

The development of Steinbeck   In The Grapes of Wrath, Steinbeck takes a great dancing forward in his storytelling. His characters are better developed and much hu macrocosm. Steinbecks development as a author was linked to his growth as a person and his furthered capacity for understanding in others, particularly the disenfranchised. The process and crusade that ensued during the early years of his career were submissive in his growth and are demonstrated in the development of his views on industrialization and its effects on the running(a) class.   His greater understanding seemed to lead to an finish up to his theological approach to writing, or at least a modification of it. For with greater understanding came empathy, and with empathy came subjectivity. With the distance gone between he and his characters, it became possible to attain with the characters on a deeper level. They were more true to life than the characters of his previous novels. When Steinbeck managed to cross this line, he made a leap from the realm of the good writers into the Valhalla of great authors. This is when Steinbeck into flock. a couple of(prenominal) of the masses were not familiar with the likes of a Tom Joad or Mack. (A Joseph was much harder to come by.)   In his earlier books, full treatment like To a God uncharted and In dubious Battle, Steinbeck delved into the man driven by ideology. Anything but down-to earth, the characters in these books were motivated by what could be. As creatures of speculation, they were driven by the minds eye. eon Joseph lived for the earth, he never managed to be of it, (at least in the manner of your everyday farmer.) Like any man who cave in walked through the halls of formal education, Steinbeck himself was a man of... ...employable. Dr. Kelly posed the question, what if World War II had not interposed and brought the U.S. out of the Great Depression? At what point are the evils of the marketplace checked? Tim e will tell.   Without a common enemy, where is the unifying cause to organize? What will bring the people together? Once people are driven by crave it seems to be to late. Hunger is desperate and powerless, without reason or strength. Humanity has conquered the world. Can we conquer out greed and charge? Steinbeck was unsure that our species could overcome our seemed hatred of ourselves. peradventure the fear of terrorism can bring the world together. In the meantime, people continue to struggle. Maybe things will ultimately change and we can all hit the empathy and understanding that were Steinbecks. Unfortunately, those qualities seem to come only through great struggle. The Evolution of John Steinbeck Essay -- Biography Biographies Essays The Evolution of Steinbeck   In The Grapes of Wrath, Steinbeck takes a great leap forward in his storytelling. His characters are better developed and more human. Steinbecks development as a writer was linked to h is growth as a person and his furthered capacity for understanding in others, particularly the disenfranchised. The process and struggle that ensued during the early years of his career were instrumental in his growth and are demonstrated in the development of his views on industrialization and its effects on the working class.   His greater understanding seemed to lead to an end to his theological approach to writing, or at least a modification of it. For with greater understanding came empathy, and with empathy came subjectivity. With the distance gone between he and his characters, it became possible to identify with the characters on a deeper level. They were more true to life than the characters of his previous novels. When Steinbeck managed to cross this line, he made a leap from the realm of the good writers into the Valhalla of great authors. This is when Steinbeck into people. Few of the masses were not familiar with the likes of a Tom Joad or Mack. (A Joseph was much harder to come by.)   In his earlier books, works like To a God Unknown and In dubious Battle, Steinbeck delved into the man driven by ideology. Anything but down-to earth, the characters in these books were motivated by what could be. As creatures of speculation, they were driven by the minds eye. While Joseph lived for the earth, he never managed to be of it, (at least in the manner of your everyday farmer.) Like any man who have walked through the halls of formal education, Steinbeck himself was a man of... ...employable. Dr. Kelly posed the question, what if World War II had not interposed and brought the U.S. out of the Great Depression? At what point are the evils of the marketplace checked? Time will tell.   Without a common enemy, where is the unifying cause to organize? What will bring the people together? Once people are driven by hunger it seems to be to late. Hunger is desperate and powerless, without reason or strength. Humanity has conquered the world. Can we conquer out greed and fear? Steinbeck was unsure that our species could overcome our seemed hatred of ourselves. Maybe the fear of terrorism can bring the world together. In the meantime, people continue to struggle. Maybe things will finally change and we can all gain the empathy and understanding that were Steinbecks. Unfortunately, those qualities seem to come only through great struggle.

An Analysis of PepsiCo and Coca-cola Essay -- Business Analysis

Since the mid 1980s many of us choose become well-known(prenominal) with the terms the Cola Wars (Wikipedia, 2010). Coca Cola and Pepsi have been the two largest soft drink competitors in the world for quite some time now. What makes these companies successful? What gives them the memory board to prosper for years across the globe? For this project I analyzed the financial statements from 2003 through 2005 of both companies to gain insight as to these questions and others. By reviewing and and then analyzing the data it becomes visible that these two companies are still standing strong in a market that is still dominated only by all(prenominal) other. To begin we will examine three ratios for each company. The first ratio is a liquidity ratio. Liquidity focuses on the reliability or availability of a borrower to pay thorn the loan they borrowed. A common liquidity metric is c electric rate of flow ratio. Current ratio measures a companys ability to pay back sh ort term obligations or debts. We get this calculation by taking the rate of flow assets and dividing by current liabilities. For instance, PepsiCos current ratio is equivalent to current assets in 2005 (10,454) divided by current liabilities in 2005(9,406) which equals 1.111. Their current ratio in 2004 was 1281. (Current assets for 2004/current liabilities for 2004 8639/6752). Coca Colas current ratio for 2005 was taken by computing their current assets for 2005 (10,250) and divided by the current 2005 liabilities 99836) which equaled a ratio of 1.041. In 2004 Coca Colas current ratio was equal to current assets for 2004 of 12,281 divided by current liabilities for 2004 of 11, 133, which totaled 1.101. What this means is that for every dollar of current liabilities, Coca Cola has $1.04 of ... ...ges and soft drinks. They have ventured out to non carbonated drinks like iced tea and juices but now need to move into the food market space. My final recommendation for Coca c ola is to wait with their product. One of the biggest setbacks for Coca Cola occurred when they introduced their new coke in the 1990s. (Wikipedia, 2010) This new formula did not go over well with their consumers and they were forced to quickly forfeit the new Coke production. In conclusion I think both companies are stable and strong. Obviously both companies are able to compete globally which in and of itself says an awful lot. Each company has its strengths and minor weaknesses but their overall financial success has been proven. Their ability to remain the only two competitors amongst their carbonated beverage industry is a strong indicator of their future potential.

An Analysis of PepsiCo and Coca-cola Essay -- Business Analysis

Since the mid 1980s many of us have become familiar with the full terms the cola Wars (Wikipedia, 2010). coca Cola and Pepsi have been the two largest soft drink competitors in the world for quite some time now. What makes these companies successful? What gives them the retention to prosper for historic period across the globe? For this project I analyzed the financial statements from 2003 through 2005 of both companies to gain insight as to these questions and others. By reviewing and then analyzing the data it becomes apparent that these two companies are still standing strong in a market that is still dominated only by each other. To begin we pass on examine three ratios for each company. The first ratio is a liquidity ratio. Liquidity focuses on the reliability or availability of a borrower to pay buttocks the loan they borrowed. A common liquidity metric is ccurrent ratio. Current ratio measures a companys ability to pay back short term obligations or deb ts. We get this calculation by taking the current assets and dividing by current liabilities. For instance, PepsiCos current ratio is equivalent to current assets in 2005 (10,454) change integrity by current liabilities in 2005(9,406) which enoughs 1.111. Their current ratio in 2004 was 1281. (Current assets for 2004/current liabilities for 2004 8639/6752). Coca Colas current ratio for 2005 was taken by computing their current assets for 2005 (10,250) and divided by the current 2005 liabilities 99836) which equaled a ratio of 1.041. In 2004 Coca Colas current ratio was equal to current assets for 2004 of 12,281 divided by current liabilities for 2004 of 11, 133, which totaled 1.101. What this means is that for every dollar of current liabilities, Coca Cola has $1.04 of ... ...ges and soft drinks. They have ventured out to non change beverages like iced tea and juices but now need to move into the food market space. My final recommendation for Coca cola is to stay with t heir product. One of the biggest setbacks for Coca Cola occurred when they introduced their new coke in the 1990s. (Wikipedia, 2010) This new formula did not go over well with their consumers and they were forced to quickly stop the new turn production. In conclusion I think both companies are stable and strong. Obviously both companies are able to compete globally which in and of itself says an awestruck lot. Each company has its strengths and minor weaknesses but their overall financial success has been proven. Their ability to remain the only two competitors amongst their carbonated beverage industry is a strong indicator of their future potential.

Analogy of Poetry Essay

The numbers There Is Another Sky by Emily Dickinson was a poem written for her brother Austin. Emily uses genius to explain the message she is trying to provide for him. The poem provides a hopeful and positive feeling. The poem is full of optimism and inspiration.The pint of the poem is to provide encouragement and abide guidance. The lines Here is a brighter garden and And in that respect is another sunshine demonstrate the optimism she is trying to portray. There are no stanzas or major events in the poem. The hostel that the aspects of nature are presented in provides.The last few lines of the poem further enhance the message. The poem ends with an open invitation for Austin to leave his gloomy state. Dickinson shows a businesslike concern while providing inspiration for both the readers and her brother. She describes a utopia throughout the poem and uses words to describe a better place such as serene, fair, brighter, and unfading. The claim there is another sky provides the since that there is an alternative option instead of a consistent negative outlook on life.There is a stir in tone after the dash. Before the dash Dickinson states that there is a negative place and recognizes that everything in life doesnt always work in your favor. She also uses there is creating distance. After the dash Dickinson implies that there in fact is another sky. She uses here is which implies that she can provide a better situation.Knowing that the poem is for her brother almost obligates you to feel sympathy for him and makes her message even stronger. Overall, Emily is trying to say that entering a new mind set and believing that there is a light at the end of the tunnel can provide you with a new attitude.

Pierre de Fermat

Pierre De Fermat was born in France in August of 1601. His father was a whip merchant and his mothers family was in the legal profession. children, and practiced law. Math was simply just a hobby for Pierre. Pierre De Fermat was a busy lawyer, and didnt leave much time for his love of math. Since math was just his hobby, he never wanted any of his work to be published. When he did publish his work, it was forever and a day anonymously. Fermat would state theorems, but always neglected the proofs. For example, his most famous work, Fermats Last Theorem, didnt include a proof until when Andrew J.Wiles provided the first in 1993. He made many contributions in the field of mathematics. For example, he is considered as one of the fathers of analytic geometry, along with Rene Descartes. He developed a method for determining maxima, minima, and tangents to versatile curves that was equivalent to differentiation. He obtained a technique for finding the centers of gravity for various plane and solid figures. Also, he is considered to be one of the founders of the probability theory along with Blaise Pascal. Fermat was the first person known to have evaluated the integral of general power functions.He made contributions in the field of optics and provided a law on empty-headed and travel. He wrote a few papers about calculus, before Issac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz were even born. Fermats most important work was done in the development of the modern number theory, which was one of his favorite areas of math. Pierre de Fermat died in the year 1665. . These annotations are unsupported by proof. During his lifetime, Pierre De Fermat received very little intelligence as a mathematician, and if others didnt save his papers and letters he may not be the legend he is today.

Analyse the Strengths and Weaknesses of Spain by 1516 Essay

There were considerable differences between the Hispanic kingdoms within the Iberian peninsula. It was divided by language and religion, governed by different political institutions and govern by monarchs with conflicting foreign interests. both(prenominal) Aragon and Castile had very little in common. The economies varied in strength in different parts of Spain, for example Catalonia was in decline whilst Valencia was in the recovery stage. The marriage of Isabella and Ferdinand in 1469 dramatically changed the course of Spain.The Queen was a determined and quick-witted woman, with a street-fighters instinct for extract. She guaranteed privileges to nobles and town authorities, promised to restore law and send and was the only claimant with an undisputed right to the throne. Ferdinand played a role in leading Isabellas troops against the Lusitanian and French invasions and recaptured rebellious towns, all helping to stabilise the crown. His brother also aided Isabella by command ing the Hermandad meaning that although his father died, no Aragonese nobles contested the crown. olympian authority had declined during the weak rule of Henry IV and it needed to be asserted and there was also the problem of law and order (lots of disorder in Castile due to the 5 years civil war).There were still supporters of Joanna a minority of the nobility had fought against Isabella e.g Marquis of Vienna. The Hermandad at least brought some justice to the countryside, which benefited Castilian towns as well as law-abiding landowners. Hermandades had never been controlled so extensively by the Crown, it significantly contributed to the improvements in local administration. Corregidores were also having an impact (administrators of cities and districts with both administrative and legal powers).They were used by the Catholic Monarchs to strengthen royal authority rather than revive local responsibility Ferdinand and Isabella travelled extensively in Castile. They spent compara tively little time in Aragon in his 37-year reign (7 years). This was a very important means of asserting royal authority by showing themselves to their subjects and establishing an effectual working relationship with their nobility and to discipline any troublemakers. Ferdinand and Isabella visited every Castilian town at least once.Ferdinand tried to increase royal authority over Aragonese towns by trying to introduce new procedures for the election of municipal offices. His mind of sending royal governors to towns was rejected preventing royal authority encroaching. Isabella was able to have a greater effect on improving local administration than her husband. She tried to protect, by intervention, town masses from impressive nobles and nominated jurados to sit on town councils. She persisted with the idea of Corregidores in towns, despite opposition, and the number of towns with them increased (Toledo for instance enjoyed a long period of peace largely due to Gomez Manrique, i ts Corregidore.). Their authority varied, some governed entire regions, and others had a limited impact. However, overtime they became more corrupt lowering the standards of local administration.The civil war left deep scars and required close supervision to work effectively. Both Isabella and Ferdinand dispersed justice personally. The Hermandad was unpopular and it demanded taxation on local people for its maintenance. It was officially dissolved in 1498 as nobles increasingly disliked it (didnt penury too much crown influence). The crowns political strength lay into relationship with the nobility. Ferdinand and Isabella however, due to incompatible promises in the 1470s, were in a different situation as some families expected rewards for their role in the civil war. This often contradicted what Isabella had said about protecting the rights of the towns. Isabella decided to harness the power of the nobility and tried to regain land given out by Henry IV.Isabella and Ferdinand on a smaller scale in Aragon gave the nobles rights to collect sales tax and confirmed their resistance from direct tax. This guaranteed their social and economic position. Also nobles who had fought against Isabella in the civil war were given fair agreements such as the Marquis of Vienna in order to preserve social stability.Those on her side were awarded with for example dukedoms guaranteeing their continuing support. Although some nobles maintained control of regional politics, which was a big threat to the crown as they had no standing army, whereas most nobles kept retainers. An example of when the crown and nobility worked together to ensure the stability of the country was the Granada between 1482 and 1492. Some of the nobility in reality served in the war and fought on behalf of the crown against the Muslims. The war helped to enhance royal prestige. However, outbreaks of civil disorder and violence in Castile in the early years of the one-sixteenth century suggest that ro yal administration was beginning to break down.Nobles became better educated and there was an emergence of letrados (lawyers). Most Castilian and Aragonese peasants enjoyed a period of relative prosperity, with engross rises, stable prices and plenty of employment in the countryside. Town life was changing rapidly, Castilian merchants experienced a dramatic increase in trade and commerce, which led to a growth in business and rising prosperity for those in work. However, due to an increase in population town authorities were faced with the problem of vagrancy where people wonder from place to place and dont usually have a home.The Catholic Monarchs intended to enhance the welfare of their subjects. They maintained the Mestas monopoly and go on wool trade, which was high in demand in the Low Countries. Taxes on wool and sheep and the establishment of trade links with America (gold bullion), proved extremely beneficial. Maintaining the case of Castiles coinage and establishing a cu rrency common to both kingdoms, monetary if not economic unity was achieved. Overseas trade was strengthened with Venice as a base, and the financial status and prosperity of Barcelona recovered from the effects of the civil war in the 1460s.However the Spanish economy had a number of weaknesses, poor communication theory (bad roads, mountainous), a network of internal customs duties and inland tolls and resistance to state intervention in effecting changes in agriculture, guilds and industry. Regionalism was a very powerful force and utilise to the economy. There was no significant attempt to integrate the two economies, for example, trade with Americas was a Castilian monopoly (intensified hostility between two kingdoms, threat of inflation and decline in currency). The only measure that was taken was the standardisation of the currency in 1497.The Spanish Crown failed to protect and promote its native industries and focused too much on exportation of wool than developing its te xtile industry. Also, the persecution of the Conversos and Jews (many of them were skilled craftsmen) damaged wool trade, plot the silk trade was damaged with war in Granada (mudejars were main producers of silk, many were killed while others emigrated). Spanish wealth and commercial gains from the New World could potentially fall through due to its lack of incorporation.

Behavioral Observation Project

Going to school is unmatchable of the most valuable social rituals people do. Staying for over 15 old age at school, people earn an academic education that will shape their careers and lives. In school, people also meet friends and mentors who influence their personal beliefs. The early long time in school are e peculiar(prenominal)ly crucial for shaping foundations for virtues such as the proper behavior and self- check over. Thus, grade school teachers are given the responsibility of instilling in their students the right qualities and attitudes.The learning site observed is a co-ed second grade class. The students are smart and energetic kids, with a some quiet ones thrown in. They come mostly from middle-class families and are of mixed ethnicities. They are still learning the core of education spelling, writing, reading comprehension, basic geography, and fractions. Their teacher is male and a fresh university graduate thus, he is younger than most of the faculty members. His y break throughh presents itself in his interaction and communication style.The teacher is approachable and imperative at the same time. He is kind, friendlier, and less stiff than other teachers. He also has a more laidback demeanor that is evident in his non-verbal gestures, such as giving high-fives and thumbs up to his students as a way of affirming their answers. His students perceive him as likable and are also more relaxed with him. By their standards, he is seen as more of big brother type rather than a scary teacher. The respect he receives is different, but in no way less than what other teachers get.At propagation when the students get too noisy or when kids fight, the teacher lets out his more commanding side to discipline the students. The teacher aims to improve and influence his students behavior, such as building up their self-discipline to keep them from chatting with seatmates and increase the attention that they pay to the lessons. To fulfill these, he makes u se of some reinforcing and motivating consequences for the childrens actions. According to Skinner, apply reinforcements is effective in helping shape or condition ones reactions to stimuli.Thus, stimuli are called behavior influencers (Barker, Kreider, Peissig, Sokoloff & Stansfield, 2008) Positive reinforcement increases the desired stimulus date a negative reinforcement removes a negative stimulus. Both encourage one to continue whichever action will lead to ones make headway and increased comfort (Feist & Feist, 2007). In the case of the second grade class, the most important stimulus is their grades. Having dear(p) grades leads to positive stimuli such as teachers praises, feelings of pride, and rewards from their parents.On the other hand, low grades bring about negative stimuli like dissatisfaction with oneself and disappointment from teachers and parents. The second-grade teacher uses public praises as positive reinforcements for kids who do well. By announcing how high one students grade is or by putting up the best artwork on the classroom corkboard, he highlights the students estimable behavior and quality of schoolwork, thus heartening the student to continue his or her hard work. The teacher uses mostly intangible reward to cheer his students on, as he hopes to motivate his students intrinsically rather than by bribes or physical rewards.Internal motivation will lead to a continued and better performance. He makes a special exception though for the case of a student with ADHD. He gives external rewards such as bowling games vouchers to this particular student to persuade him to continue his good performance and classroom behavior and continue his improvements. The teacher does not practice much punishment and extinction in the classroom. The harshest punishment he does is calling out a students name to get his or her attention back to the lessons. He was allowed to give them detention, especially when the kids get very naughty.His strength as an instructor and behavior model for the kids lay in the fact that he never had to give detentions because he is able to subdue a conflict in advance it even starts. He also understands the kids need to let go of pent-up energy and allows them to have some energy-releasing activities. The students receive punishment and extinction at home, mostly in the form of added chores for the former and revoked TV and video game privileges for the latter. The second graders are under the teachers excellent classroom management. The teachers policies are effectively and followed soundly.The teacher showed a perceptive understanding of when he should be friendly and when he should be authoritative with his students. Further, the behavior and discipline conditioning is enhanced by the good, trusting relationships between the teacher and his students. References Barker, B. , J Kreider, J Peissig, G Sokoloff, & M Stansfield. (2008). Glossary of terms for the experimental analysis of behavior. The University of Iowa. Retrieved February 9, 2009 from http//www. psychology. uiowa. edu/ stave/Wasserman/Glossary/stimuli. html Feist, J. & Feist, G. J. (2007). Theories of Personality (6th ed). N

Psychology Case Write Up Essay

1. What traits are prominent in these cases? Name two or three from the Big Five and give examples from each persons behavior, emotional reactions or thought processes as evidence. Shirley Shirley seems to not be stretch to new experiences. At age 57 she has put herself back into psychotherapy. The childhood with a drunken and possible depressed mother seem to play stop in the way she raised her children.Where now she only has active contact with one of her daughters and struggles to accept the fact that the other daughter is gay and the son is keep in a halfway house. She married an abusive husband which correlates to the men her mother used to date who used to abuse Shirley. Death seems to be a continuous cycle of experiences for Shirley. Her mother died then her first husband, second husband and then her child. She seems to be continuously living the alike life everyplace and over and nothing new really happening.An event that does interfere with openness is the fact that she did become a lay minister open to helping others. Conflicting because she is adequate to admit she potentially could be an alcoholic just refers to it as a problem. So I would assume she wants something new but the conflict starts when she exhibits the same behaviors over and over. Shirley seems to be an extrovert. Although she struggles with depression she still shows signs of wanting to be around people and have some interaction. She decided to go back to psychotherapy which involves base interaction or one-on-one meetings. There is still the effort of keeping in touch with one daughter.It seems Shirley didnt like being alone indeed the reason she re-married after her first husband died and joined the lay ministry when her second husband died. Perhaps the reason for connecting with people is a way for her to not take about herself as much. For example she works for the state and is a lay minister but states herself as mentally ill, but that she may besides have a drinking p roblem. Greg Greg seems to be conscientious in some areas and not so much in others.He graduated college with his masters but has a hard time completing his work on the job. Perhaps the reason he struggles with communicating to the childrens parents could be a reason why he isnt close to his colleagues lack of assertiveness. He has never developed a relationship with his father and isnt completely honest with his mother in regards to his sexuality. He seems to be a great achiever within himself but dealing or doing things for something else is where he struggles. For example has trouble being assertive and vista limits both with clients and colleagues but he works out at the gym and is quite muscular. Greg seems to be an extrovert. He enjoys singing in the

Payroll Basics in Sap

Payroll Basics (PY-XX-BS)PurposeThe Payroll is based on an international paysheet device device driver. This payroll driver was modified for each country. The country-specific payroll drivers take the statutory and administrative regulations of a country into account. Since the payroll driver has a modular structure, you domiciliate use the Customizing functions to quickly modify the payroll procedure to meet the particular requirements of your enterprise. Process FlowWhen you bother Payroll, the payroll driver calls the accompanying payroll schema, which consists of a episode of functions.For each activity, the individual functions import data from inner(a) mesas and payroll relevant accuses. Payroll is then performed as followsResultAfter the payroll run, you backside transfer the payroll results to financial Accounting, or perform evaluations and create lists and statistics. *************************************************************************************************** ***********Payroll DriverDefinitionProgram you use to run payroll.StructureFor each Payroll country version there is a country-specific payroll driver with the technical scream RPCALCx0 or HxxCALC0 * For programs with the technical name RPCALCx0, the x is replaced with a country indicator, for example, D for Germany, F for France, or X for Other countries. * For programs with the technical name HxxCALC0, the xx is replaced with the ISO code of the respective country, for example MX for Mexico, or ID for Indonesia.The program RPCALCX0 (Payroll driver international) contains no data somewhat tax and social insurance regulations for shekels remuneration reckoning. The other payroll drivers contain this data. IntegrationA relevant country-specific personnel calculation schema, in which personnel caclulation reigns and functions argon stored, contain the steps that a payroll driver should perform during payroll. All data is stored in inhering tables and saved in payroll-relevant fi les. ******************************************************************************Payroll SchemaDefinitionThe payroll schema contains calculation rules to be employ by the payroll driver during payroll. SAP has developed country-specific schemas which are based on schema X000. With country-specific reports, the first character in the name refers to the country indicator (for example, D for Germany, F for France). StructureA schema consists of the hobby parts * Initialization The system performs the following steps * Updates the databases * Imports equired infotypes * Gross calculation of pay The system performs the following steps * Processes basic data and time data * Queries off-cycle payroll runs * Reads payroll account of the last period accounted * Processes time data and calculates the individual gross values * Performs factoring * exonerate calculation of pay The system performs the following steps * Calculates net remuneration * Performs bank transfersIntegrationAll dat a is stored in internal tables and saved in files with a bundle up structure. ***************************************************************************************************************Payroll Relevant FilesDefinitionPayroll files contain data for payroll and payroll results. StructureThe system requires the following files for payroll * Pnnnn (nnnn = number of the infotype) The Pnnnn files contain data that has been entered in the respective infotypes for an employee. * PCL1 The PCL1 file contains primary study, in other words, data from the master data and time recording systems. PCL2 The PCL2 file contains secondary information, in other words, derived data and all generated schemas. IntegrationWhen you turn out payroll, the system imports the relevant master data from the Pnnn files (for example, basic pay and tax class) and imports the time data from the PCL1 file to the IT table. The system imports the payroll results from the previous month from table ORT (for example, to form averages). The system processes this data and saves the payroll results and generated schemas in the PLC2 file. *****************************************************************************************************Internal ducks for PayrollDefinition shelves that are used for storing data during the payroll run. UseWithin Payroll, data is processed in internal tables that the system fills and reads during the payroll run. The system also changes the data in these tables during the payroll run. The results of processing are then available for other steps. The read and change chafe to these tables is enabled exploitation functions that are executed in a personnel calculation schema and using operations that are executed in personnel calculation rules.StructureThe following are some of the tables used in all country versions for PayrollInternal circuit boards for Payroll Table Short text Description WPBP clobber Place/Basic Pay Table WPBP is filled by the infotypes Actions (0000), Organizational Assignment (0001), Planned Working Time (0007), Basic Pay (0008), and Cost scattering (0027). It contains important organizational and payment-relevant data, and several(predicate) partial period parameters. For more information on table WBPB, settle Payment-Relevant Information in the Payroll Result. RT Results Table Table RT contains the result salary types of the current period for which payroll is run.Data is transferred from table IT to table RT using the operation ADDWTE. CRT Cumulative Results Table Table CRT contains the cumulations of wage types in table RT over a certain time period. BT Payment Information Every entry in the Bank Transactions table (BT) of an employee, corresponds to a payment that was created in a payroll period for this employee. However, the employee is not necessarily the payment recipient of all payments. For more information on table BT, see Payment-Relevant Information in the Payroll Result. C0 Cost Distri justion Tabl e C0 contains global information about the cost distribution for wage types. Certain costs can be distributed to other cost centers than the master cost center. The information is taken from the Cost Distribution infotype (0027). C1 Cost Assignment from Different Infotypes Table C1 contains information about the individual cost assignment for individual wage types. You can use the infotype Recurring Payments/Deductions (0014) and Additional Payments (0015) to assign the wage types to a cost center that is different to the employees master cost center. V0 Variable Assignment Table V0 contains various additional information about the wage types. GRT Output Table from Gross Part Table GRT is table RT according to the gross amount in a split payroll schema. ARRRS Arrears Table ARRRS contains deductions that could not be taken and so are transferred to the following period. DDNTK Deductions not taken Table DDNTK contains deductions that could not be taken in the current period. ACCR Month End Accruals Table ACCR contains special information on a posting period assignment for month end accruals. BENTAB Benefits Table BENTAB contains cumulations for certain benefits plans. FUND Financing Table FUND contains information about fund commitments. This information is taken from HR Funds and Position Management. AVERAGE Frozen Averages Table AVERAGE contains information about frozen averages. MODIF Modifiers Table MODIF contains various modifiers that can be used as additional keys for access to Customizing tables. The system sets the modifiers in payroll with the function MOD (Determine Employee Groupings) and operation MODIF (Set Employee Groupings). VERSION Information on Creation Table VERSION contains creation data for the payroll result, for example the Release and payroll program. PCL2 Update Information PCL2 Table PCL2 contains information about the last change access to a payroll result. VERSC Payroll Status Information Table VERSC contains organizationa l information about the payroll result. stead Status Indicator Table STATUS contains eight different status indicators. The system exports the data in these tables at the end of payroll processing in caboodle tables in table PCL2 (RP cluster 2) using function EXPRT.The cluster tables are in a country-specific cluster, for example RD (Payroll result, Germany), on the database. In this way, the data is available for other processing steps, for example, evaluation. Other internal tables are not exported after the payroll run but are deleted, since they are only required during the payroll run. Internal tables for Payroll that are not exported Table Short text Description IT Input Table During the payroll run table IT is filled with data that is to be processed. Data is transferred to table RT using operation ADDWTE.Table IT must be empty by the end of the payroll run or the personnel number is rejected. This is checked with the personnel calculation rule X070 (Cancel, if table is n ot empty). OT Output Table Table OT only exists temporarily during processing. If a personnel calculation rule is called using the PIT function, a handbuild is performed for wage types from table IT. The results are written to table OT using the operation ADDWT. At the end of the loop, table IT is restructured from table OT. DT Difference Table Table DT is used to transfer retroactive accounting differences within retroactive chains. ORT Old Results Table Table ORT is table RT from the last payroll result (usually from the previous payroll period). Tables LRT and VORT are also formed from table ORT. LRT Last Results Table Table LRT is table RT from the last payroll result (usually from the previous payroll period). It is formed from table ORT but only contains the wage types that are relevant to the current period and required often. This is controlled using personnel calculation rule X006, which reads processing class 06. VORT Summarized ORT Table VORT is a version of table OR T in which certain splits are eliminated.

Rivera’s Pan American Unity: Economic Themes from the North and South

Throughout the late 1920s many American patrons of the arts had attempted to bring the famous Mexican muralist, Diego Rivera, to the United States for fit works. It wasnt until September of 1930 that Rivera finally arrived in San Francisco to paint. His wife, the famous painter Frida Khalo, whom he had recently married, accompanied him. Fellow artist and instructor at the California academy of Arts, Ralph Stackpole, had recommended to herds grass Pflueger that he use Rivera for a new project he was working on, the Pacific Stock Exchange.This turned out to be a procreative relationship with the successful completion of Allegory of California, in the stock exchange building. Nearly 10 years later and his last appearance in the US, Pflueger asked Rivera to stop to San Francisco to be part of Golden Gate International Exposition of 1939/40. The fruit of those laborers is his Pan American Unity, the themes of which will be explored in further detail here. Timothy Pflueger commissione d the picture, Pan American Unity.It was a replacement for an art exhibit of European masters on loan for 1939. Pflueger was a well-known architect in San Francisco, having built the Medical Dental Skyscraper on Sutter and worked on the Pacific Stock Exchange building. Jeremy Long LALS 14 Landau July 6, 2014 Riveras painting are a good deal moot and spark debate in all kinds of circles, whether it be for his political affiliations or the subject matter of the paintings themselves.In a way, Pan American Unity avoids nigh of this controversy with his themes of unification and harmony. One might think that the North and South, in this case the United States and Mexico, stand diametrically opposed to one another, but Rivera seek to unite them in common themes. He showed how the labors of the Mexican farmers and ingenious people were not that dis-similar from the backbreaking work of the Detroit autoworkers. Most, if not all, scenes depicted show Mexicans and Americans side by side through their struggles for freedom.The theme of economic differences between the North and South are evident in the many portrayals of the Mexican people, who are most often seen in traditional dress of centuries past. On the other hand, the American people are shown as a fully modern people with technology and ingenuity. The dickens ideas arent completely contradictory and Rivera seems to imply that you cannot have one without the other. The technology of the present is only informed by the progress of the ast and the same will be true of our future. Both America and Mexico have much to learn from and share with the other and only in this way can we truly achieve a greatness beyond the accomplishments of today. In another section of the mural, Stalin and Hitler are reviled for their crimes, creeping like a noxious gas over the painting stand in opposition to the Founding Fathers of the United States a very interesting view point from an avowed socialist and often communist leade r of Mexico.Somewhat of a local celebrity at the time, a City College of San Francisco diver appears twice in the painting, springing from the center of the painting and arching over the figures below as arising of hope and prosperity. Even his patron, Pflueger, makes an appearance in the painting, being shown with blueprints directing the construction of his now famous office building. While Pflueger died before he could find a permanent place for Riveras great and last work in San Francisco, his son, whom assumed the duties of design for the City College of San Francisco and the changes necessary to allow for the display of Riveras work.Diego Riveras Pan American Unity, strove to strike a balance between the natural forces of this world and the human desires of good and evil. He accomplished this by including elements of the Norths technological dominance, the Souths agricultural heritage, the evils of Nazism and Stalinism, and the eloquence and beauty of nature and the Bay Area, which all combine to strengthen the economic message of the paintings central them of unity.

Company Analysis: Hampton Machine Tool Company

The questions for the Hampton Machine Tool club argon given below. Please formulate for submission questions 1 and 2 only. That is, please submit your balance sheet for December 31, 1979 and income educational activity for the cardinal month period, September with December 1979, requested in question 2 below (your income statement should non be periodic it should cover the entire quaternion months). Please also rise, but do non submit, the remaining questions.1. why cant a profitable smart set like Hampton repay its loan on time and why does it posit more bank financing? What major developments between November 1978 and August 1979 turn over contributed to this situation?2. Based on the information in the case, prepare a projected income statement for the four months Sept. 1979 by means of Dec. 1979 and a pro forma balance sheet as of December 31, 1979. (Your income statement should non be monthly. You should make unity applications programme the entire four months. )3. critically evaluate the assumptions on which your forecasts are based. What developments could demasculinize your results? Is Mr. Cowins correct in his legal opinion that Hampton can repay the loan in December? 4. Based on the information in the case, prepare a projected hard cash budget for the four months, September through December 1979. Do the cash budgets and pro forma financial statements yield the same results? why, why not? pinpoint they should.An separate hint Do not rely on the statement on page 6, our engineering estimates place that we expect to earn a profit before taxes and interest of about 23% on gross revenue on these shipments. Instead victimization the accounting relation in Q2 (footnote below) when constructing your income statement. 5. What action should Mr. Eckwood take on Mr. Cowins loan request? What are the major risks associated with the proposed loan? What separate alternatives does Mr. Eckwood have and what are the pros and cons? What would you do?6. Why did Hampton repurchase a essential fraction of its outstanding common stock? What is the impact of this repurchase on Hamptons financial performance? Critically assess Hamptons dividend policy. Do you agree with Mr. Cowins proposal to pay a pregnant dividend in December?With Cartwright, we had a relatively simplistic situation, particularly as it concerns size up only one class of inventory was represented, not the typical threesome of nude materials, work in process, and finished goods. (Presumably Cartwright was not adding much value to the raw materials, just selling them through, althoughon the contrarythe case seemed to indicate that the company manufactured some limen frames, trim, etc.)For Hampton, you might find helpful a basic accounting family beginning inventory + purchases + other outlays cost of sales = ending inventorysolving for cost of sales (and recognizing that end begin inventory is change in inventory), Cost of sales = purchases + other outlays change in inventory. (Note that there are a couple inventory types to include.)Additional sub-hint the other outlays amount to $400K/mo. There are other expenses that should also be unplowed in mind when generating the pro-forma income statement.Company Analysis Hampton Machine Tool CompanyThe questions for the Hampton Machine Tool Company are given below. Please prepare for submission questions 1 and 2 only. That is, please submit your balance sheet for December 31, 1979 and income statement for the four month period, September through December 1979, requested in question 2 below (your income statement should not be monthly it should cover the entire four months). Please also prepare, but do not submit, the remaining questions.1. Why cant a profitable company like Hampton repay its loan on time and why does it need more bank financing? What major developments between November 1978 and August 1979 have contributed to this situation?2. Based on the information in the case, prepare a projected income statement for the four months Sept. 1979 through Dec. 1979 and a pro forma balance sheet as of December 31, 1979. (Your income statement should not be monthly. You should make one covering the entire four months.)3. Critically evaluate the assumptions on which your forecasts are based. What developments could alter your results? Is Mr. Cowins correct in his belief that Hampton can repay the loan in December?4. Based on the information in the case, prepare a projected cash budget for the four months, September through December 1979. Do the cash budgets and pro forma financial statements yield the same results? Why, why not? Hint they should.Another hint Do not rely on the statement on page 6, our engineering estimates indicate that we expect to earn a profit before taxes and interest of about 23% on sales on these shipments. Instead using the accounting relation in Q2 (footnote below) when constructing your income statement.5. What action should Mr. Eckwood take on Mr. Cowins loan request? What arethe major risks associated with the proposed loan? What other alternatives does Mr. Eckwood have and what are the pros and cons? What would you do?6. Why did Hampton repurchase a substantial fraction of its outstanding common stock? What is the impact of this repurchase on Hamptons financial performance? Critically assess Hamptons dividend policy. Do you agree with Mr. Cowins proposal to pay a substantial dividend in December?With Cartwright, we had a relatively simplistic situation, particularly as it concerns inventory only one class of inventory was represented, not the typical threesome of raw materials, work in process, and finished goods. (Presumably Cartwright was not adding much value to the raw materials, just selling them through, althoughon the contrarythe case seemed to indicate that the company manufactured some door frames, trim, etc.) For Hampton, you might find helpful a basic accounting relationship beginning inventory + purchases + other outlays cost of sales = ending inventorySolving for cost of sales (and recognizing that end begin inventory is change in inventory), Cost of sales = purchases + other outlays change in inventory. (Note that there are a couple inventory types to include.)Additional sub-hint the other outlays amount to $400K/mo. There are other expenses that should also be kept in mind when generating the pro-forma income statement.

Advertising, Social and Economic Costs and Benefits

whole 1 P1 describe the oddball of line of course, purpose and ownership of two contrasting organisations Tesco Tesco is in private sector, only it is a PLC, a popular limited association, this is an international business, too it is in primary. Tesco is doing returns by providing nourishment to its customers. Tesco exist, so good deal can buy food, they do their own products besides, this company exists for making profit. Tesco makes profit by selling its products or making de tolerateries to customers.Tesco is trying to achieve , to be the best company Our vision is for Tesco to be most highly valued by the customers we serve, the communities in which we operate, our loyal and committed staff and our sh atomic number 18holders to be a maketh company a modern and innovative company and winning lo countery, applying our skills globally. Tesco is a global business. Tesco is a public limited company (PLC) this means that the owners of Tesco ar the per centumholder. North Yorkshire Fire and speech value- This is a public sector institution, it doesnt make profit, because its advantage costs more than the amount of money nation pay them for fire.This organization exist so when the instead a a little have fire or extreme situations they call fire and rescue service and they help them. In 2004 North Yorkshire Fire and Rescue Authority substantial a new focused Vision to reflect their broader function within the modernisation agenda. Over the 10 stratums to 2014, in North Yorkshire and the City of York, 125 more people will still be alive through the work of the new Fire and Rescue Service. This will be due to the Service having significantly reduced the likelihood and severity of fire and otherwise emergencies.We will achieve this through the lettering of our staff working in partnership with other agencies in the community. This is a local company because it is North Yorkshire. Simply summarised as The term 125 Alive captures the Authorit ys Vision in one simplex phrase. It means that 125 people who might otherwise have died in an accident will be alive because of preventative action taken by the Fire and Rescue Service working in partnership with other agencies. The target will be achieved by a steady reduction year on year in fatalities in road traffic collisions and fires.The aims and objectives of this organization are to help people to rescue them away from dangerous things, and also to move out the fire away, so the people will be in safe. They are trying their best , so they will be the best from their competitors. P2 describe the diametrical stakeholders who incline the purpose of two contrasting organisations M1 explain the points of view from antithetical stakeholders seeking to influence the strategic aims and objectives of two contrasting organisations StakeholdersA person, group, or organization that has direct or indirect stake in an organization because it can affect or be affected by the organiza tions actions, objectives, and policies. Key stakeholders in a business organization include creditors, customers, directors, employees, government (and its agencies), owners (shareholders), suppliers, unions, and the community from which the business draws its resources. Stakeholder Grouping Interest Tesco PLC NY Fire & Rescue Service Consumers/customers They expect high quality, value for money products. Customers often identify with the brands they buy.They like to see improvements that crumble them better value for money. People who want to buy high quality food or other staff This are the local people in the local area who wants to take the fire come on Employees/workers The company provides them with a salary/money to live (a livelihood). They seek security, promotion opportunities, job satisfaction and rewards. This are the workers in the stores, they are interested in security This are the firemen, their job is to rescue people and to remove the fire for safety. Suppl iers They want steady orders and defrayal for tag oning stock. They also want to feel valued. People which supply different staff like water, food, drinks etc. They do it because they are sure that Tesco Is a achieverful business and if they are successful so they have a lot of profit , and suppliers are sure in Tesco and they have more orders cause Tesco has more customers People, who supply the equipment, like the extinguishers. Owners They may be a mend trader or in a partnership. In a company it would be the shareholders. Often musical theme to be the most in-chief(postnominal) stakeholder. They see themselves as the principal risk taker. They want to see share of profit increasing and the value of the business rising. So the owner of Tesco is the shareholders, they are interested in success of their business, they want Tesco to be the best, as every shareholder does. The government is the owner of the NYFRS. The government wants to succeed this organization in their job , so people will be in safe. Trade Unions They represent the views of the employees of the business. They want high wages and better conditions. They want Tesco to be successful, because if Tesco is successful, so workers conditions will be better, because this stakeholder is interested in employees pacifier and life. They are interested in firemen success and conditions, wages etc. So if firemen start to rescue people or removing fire more and more, so they could get salary and this is good for Trade Union, this is what they want. Employer Associations They are the employers equivalent of the TU. They represent the employers interests in specific associations. Basically this stakeholder is equivalent Trade Union, they have quite the same interests, they also take care about the workers, except in specific way. They are feeling for the comfort of the firemen, in specific associations. local anaesthetic communities The actions of businesses can have a big effect on communit ies around them. They want improved facilities and provision of jobs. Local communities wants Tesco to be considerate about the people who live nearby, considerate about the emotions and feelings. This are the people who live near by the fire rescue service base, so when they have an emergency call they start to drive fast and a lot of tone etc. People want them to be considerate about them and to think about them, that people could be sleeping now, or doing something different when they cant be disturbed. political relations They want successful organisations which contribute to stinting growth and provide jobs and tax revenue. They also like businesses that contribute towards the welfare of the countrys high society. Government wants Tesco to succeed, so the economy of the country would improve more and more, and more employees would be needed as the company will grow, so less unemployed people would be. The government wants to succeed this organization in their job, so peo ple will be in safe, and the countrys level of popularity would increase. Tesco 1) Owners 2) Workers 3) Supplies 4) Customers 5) Government NYFRS 1) Government 2) Workers 3) Suppliers 4) Customers 5) Local communities D1 Evaluate the influence different stakeholders exert in ONE organization Tesco 1) Directors To be as infrangible in everything we sell as we are in food Directors are the stakeholders which have the most influence of the Tesco, because they can do everything what they want with the business, because it is theirs. They have ultimate direct and power.If they want for example they can transmute the name from Tesco to something else etc. 2) Workers- To build our police squad so that we create more value Workers are the number most influence stakeholders in Tesco. This is because if thither is no workers so the business cant grow at all and it will fail, no workers, means no job done. But also if the workers would give-up the ghost the Tesco, it is not such a big p roblem, because Tesco is well known successful business, and a lot of employees want to work for them. 3) Customers- To grow the UK coreCustomers are 3rd important stakeholders which have influence on Tesco. So if thither would not be customers the business would not be able to make profit at all, so customers are also really important part of each business. If the Tesco loses the customers , so they will go to theirs rival businesses, such as Asda and Sainsburys, and this could be because their would be not enough workers, or the customer service would be at low level. 4) Suppliers- To put our responsibilities to the communities we serve at the heart of what we do.Suppliers are last important stakeholders with influence on Tesco, because if the suppliers wont supply any products so Tesco would have to use its own products, but that wouldnt make a lot of profit, and wont be sustainable. If Tesco loses the suppliers, it is not a problem, because there are a lot of suppliers which a re free and waiting for their chance, but if the suppliers were too good, this would be sad. P3 pick out how two businesses are organised TESCO Span of confine The number of subordinates that a manager or supervisorcan straight control.This number varies with the type ofwork complex, variable work reduces it to six, whereasroutine, fixed work increases it to twenty or more. Chain of leave out Theorderin whichauthorityandpowerin anorganizationis wielded and delegated fromtop managementto every employeeat everylevelof the organization. Instructions flow downward along the chain of command and accountabilityflowsupward. The map shows that Tesco has a different level of workers in its organization. These shows the mangers and members, whom they control. The managers take responsibility of what their assistants do.Manager of one job cant control the assistants of other job manager, so everything is equal. The boss of everyone is the store director, after him is regional manager as y ou can see, and later is the store manager, and only than other managers of different jobs, and on the bottom of the chart are all of the assistants of all of the mangers. So in Tesco and in all other businesses the member of the working team cant control anyone above him, or anyone or the same line, he can control only the people who are under him. It is very hard to control big organization. So, it will be better to break the organization into smaller parts.There are 4 main ways of breaking a business down into smaller sections 1) By Function- What is the sense of each section? 2) By Location- Where is the section fit(p) on the map? 3) By Product- Which service does the section belong to? 4) By Process- A customer staying approached on the other customers who are interested in Tesco. There are 2 main types of organizational social organisation 1) Tall 2) Flat The difference between this two is that tall has more levels than flat , only in Flat Mangers there are wider span of co ntrol. . So, we can say that Tesco has Tall structure, because in Tescos organisational Chart has a lot of levels.North Yorkshire Fire and Rescue Service It is really hard to understand who is who, who is compulsive whom, the table is a bit messy, and so I created a better one for you But on Structure of Commission we can see that Director General has two lines. First, is that he should control 3 Directors, Corporate and Forestry, Central Services (HR, IT, Finance), Business Units, Forest Research. The North Yorkshire Fire and Rescue Service is looking for so different comparing to Tescos. . In Forestry Commission General Director works with more employees, however in Tesco Director works just with managers.But The North Yorkshire Fire and Rescue Services type of organizational structure is Tall, because it has many lines. And Forestry Commission is organization by Location, because they are separated on different locations, they have 3 directs in same country. Task 2 1) Finance a ddresses the ways in which individuals, business entities and other organizations allocate and use monetary resources over time. It helps Tesco with finance. 2) Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large. ) The act or process or producing, bringing forth, or exhibiting to view as, the production of commodities, of a witness. That which is produced, yielded, or made, whether naturally, or by the application of intelligence and labor as, the productions of the earth the productions of handicraft the productions of intellect or genius. 4) Customer Service is the commitment to providing value added services to external and internal customers, including attitude knowledge, technical underpin and quality of service in a timely manner 5) Sales- Total dollar amount poised for goods and services provided.While payment is not necessary f or recognition of sales agreements on company financial statements, there are strict accounting guidelines stating when sales can be recognized. The basic principle is that a sale can only be recognized when the transaction is already realized, or can be quite easily realized. This means that the company should have already received a payment, or the chances of receiving a payment are high. In addition, delivery of the good or service should have taken place for the sale to be recognized. ) Human resources- is a term used to describe the individuals who make up the workforce of an organization, although it is also applied in labor economics to, for example, business sectors or even whole nations. Human resources is also the name of the function within an organization charged with the overall responsibility for implementing strategies and policies relating to the management of individuals. Task 3 I will tell now, what makes Tesco and Forestry Commission similar and what makes them different. Firstly, they both have General Director, and he has helpers.But in Forestry Commission General Director has more employees (they are 3 directors and other staff members), however in Tesco, Director has just one helper. Secondly, this two organizations have two different, smaller parts. Tesco has broken down on process and North Yorkshire Fire and Rescue Service by Location. Last thing which I want to say is that, they have the same type of organization its Tall. They have many levels and lines, which helps them to control their business. P4 explain how their style and organization helps them to fulfill their purpose

Errors In Solving Equations Reducible To Quadratic Form Education Essay

In the General Cambridge Examination Ordinary ( G.C.E. O ) Level additional Mathematics course of study, calculate field day equations reducible into quadratic physique plays an of spell function as it affect ab out(p) all mathematics strands in the course of study Algebra Geometry and Trigonometry Calculus. The important Numberss of subjects in Additional Mathematics that requires the shape of placing and prep be chasse equations reducible to quadratic signifier highlights the importance of this field of study.Problem StatementStudents in Singapore secondary schools argon expected to get and get the hang the accomplishment of algebraic make use of and exploit walkover equations peculiarly additive equations and quadratic equations by the terminal of Secondary 2 ( class 8 ) ( Ministry of Education, 2007 ) . Students who take Extra Mathematicss in their Upper Secondary ( strain 9 line 11 ) are expected to be able to reassign their algebraic cognition and accomplishm ents peculiarly in name dispatch equations and use get tos and go for it to work out more complex equations. Complex equations work outing in Additional Mathematics involves higher-degree algebraic powers, exponential maps, logarithm maps and trigonometry maps. Over the old ages, I have observed many pupils who were unable to work out equations reducible into quadratic signifier when granted antithetic maps as mentioned. This present survey is an effort to analyze pupils mistakes in work outing equations reducible to quadratic signifier through written and verbal signifier each bit good as supply some contemplation on instruction.Purpose of the StudyThis survey attempts to carry the types of mistakes that pupils make in work outing equations reducible to quadratic signifier. The equations in this survey refer to equations affecting exponential maps, logarithm maps and trigonometry maps which keep be simplified to ax2 + bx + c = 0 ( a, B and degree Celsius are invariables and ten is the maps mentioned ) . This survey intends to rejoinder the succeeding(prenominal) inquiriesWhat sort of mistakes do pupils forbear when work outing equation that is reducible to quadratic signifier?Why do these pupils make these mistakes?How we can avoid such(prenominal) type of mistakes?Significance of the StudyIn mathematics, equation dissolver is an of import accomplishment in progress algebra subjects. The usage of equation as a job work outing tool is applicable to other subjects such as Physicss. The mistake synopsis that is being carried out in this survey would lend to an emergency of the cause of pupils failure in work outing equations and to bettor schoolroom direction. Error analysis reveals both rough-cut and unexpected mistakes. Acknowledging and sympathy the beginning of mistakes made by pupils incline up stakes assist instructors to be after instructional activities to avoid some of the common mistakes if instructors are aware of the nature o f their pupils misinterpretation. An understanding of pupils mistakes in equation resolution bequeath supply a better prosperous redress action by instructors.Conceptual ModelThe followers is the conceptual model of the survey. Beginnings of mistakes can be found at any phase and the mistakes impart be analysed.Equation in footings of P, where P are map such as exponential, logarithm or trigonometrySubstitution, allow p = tenIdentify structural characteristics quadratic equation signifierax2 + bx + c = 0Interpret solutionSolve for PSolve for tenLITERATURE REVIEWIn the lit reappraisal, a general overview of algebra will be discussed, followed by troubles in larning algebra and troubles in work outing equations. Next, reflection for of types of mistakes will be discussed. Last a reappraisal on understanding mathematics constructs is examined.2.1 AlgebraAlgebra involves variables whereas algebraic looks assure variables, invariables and operation marks whereas algebraic equa tion contains algebraic looks and equal mark. Students are take to understand the construct of variables, the significance of algebraic term before cut downing algebraic look right ( Filloy & A Rojano, 1989 ) . Thereafter, pupils need to cognize that that the construction of an equation is based on equality of algebraic looks ( Kieran, 1981 1989 ) . Variable plays an of import portion in advanced therefore I am utilizing Usiskin ( 1988 ) construct of school algebra into four constructs where he emphasized on the function and significance of variables in each of his construct. One of the of import characteristics of variable in this survey is sing algebra as a survey of construction ( Usiskin, 1998 ) .2.2 Surveies on Troubles in Learning AlgebraMany instructors and pupils will readily clasp that algebra is hard to larn. Many surveies have been conducted to place or explicate pupils troubles in algebra are chiefly from primary or in-between school. The surveies on algebra are chi efly focused on variables, looks and work outing additive equations ( Kuchemann, 1981 Rosnick, 1981 Sleeman, 1984 Booth, 1988 Kieran, 1989 Wagner and Parker, 1993 ) . There are few surveies on the troubles or misconceptions on work outing quadratic equations ( Vaiyavutjamai & A Clements, 2006 ) in assorted National Council of Teachers of Mathematics ( NCTM ) research publications. There is besides fewer surveies conducted on algebra which are focused on high school or university degree ( Wagner & A Parker, 1993 Vaiyavutjamai & A Clements, 2006 Novotna & A Hoch, 2008 ) .2.3 Troubles in Equation SolvingStudents troubles in understanding the construction of algebraic look will hold an impact on work outing equations ( Kieran, 1981, 1989 ) . Research on equations and work outing equations dealt with pupils acknowledgment and usage of construction, either implicitly or explicitly ( Kieran, 1989 ) . In acknowledging the construction of different types of equation, work outing it requires different processs. Hence, pupils require the right process before they can successfully work out an equation right. Ekenstam & A Nilsson ( 1979 ) survey found that the place the unknown every bit good as the types of solution in the equation affect the public presentation of the pupils.Using concrete theoretical accounts approach to understand the construct of equality to minimise pupils troubles in work outing equation was successful in Filloy & A Rojano ( 1989 ) survey. However, this survey does non back up state of affairs where negative Numberss are used. Lima ( 2007 ) cited Linchevski and Sfard ( 1991 ) research where pupils made errors in work outing equation as they misinterpret the techniques used to work out equation every bit good as deficiency the significance of the mathematical symbols.2.4 Surveies on Error AnalysisMathematical mistakes are a common phenomenon in pupils acquisition of mathematics and there is a long history for mistake analysis in math ematics instruction ( Peng, 2010 ) . Knowledge of the common mathematical mistakes and misconception of pupils can supply instructors with an penetration into pupil thought and a focal point for learning and larning ( Chua and Wood, 2005 Kaur, 1989 Ryan and McCrae, 2005 Wong, 2000 )2.4.1 Types of MistakesMistakes can be classified as adjectival and conceptual mistakeBagni ( 2000 ) concluded in his research that high school pupils improperly extend guileless regulations into two types misconceptions of additive functions and balance misconception. These misconceptions are operational misconceptions which were caused by an improper over-use of metaphorical projections. Bagni ( 2000 ) classified the undermentioned illustrations as misconception of additive functions, while Wong ( 2000 ) classified it as inappropriate usage of distributive jurisprudence wickedness Example of balance misconception is as followswhereBagni ( 2000 ) suggested that to get the better of these mistakes, the function of counterexamples dramas an of import portion to do pupils conscious of wrong replies and of their conflicting thoughts.Some of the ill-famed confusion regulations are in work outing of algebraic equations utilizing the move-over and change-sign ( Wong, 2000 ) or Switching-Addends mistake ( Kieran, 1989 ) and Redistribution mistake ( Kieran, 1989 ) . Wong ( 2000 ) accent that is was no surprise that pupils frequently mix up the regulations because they do non hold relational apprehension of what they are making and their long-run memory is jumbled with legion regulations that look similar.2.5 UnderstandingUnderstanding was defined as doing connexion ( Hibert & A Carpenter, 1992 ) . Understanding new construct means to construct a relationship between the new construct and the old construct. Hibert and Carpenter ( 1992 ) suggested different ways to ease understanding by traveling through undertakings which requires contemplation, communicating and working on rel iable or real-life jobs. This is verified by the survey of Brenner et. Al ( 1997 ) with junior high school pupils on the construct of maps. Mistakes are the symptoms of misconstruing. If the grounds on why pupils made mistakes can be good understood, it should be easier to better their apprehension.2.5.1 Conceptual and Procedural UnderstandingConceptual and adjectival apprehension in mathematics has its topographic point in mathematics. There have been two schools of subject when it comes to learning and acquisition of mathematics ( Long, 2005 ) . Novotna and Hoch ( 2008 ) survey was with high school pupils and university pupils, where they have troubles in developing deeper apprehension of mathematical impressions in their mathematics classs even though, they were high-achieving pupils in middle-school or high-school. These pupils have deficiency of construction disposition a term created by Linchevski and Livneh ( 1999 ) , in other words they do non hold conceptual apprehension of construction. Kieran ( 1989, 1992 ) discussed pupils inability to separate structural characteristics of equations. Thomas and Tall ( 1991 ) indicated the versatility of idea is necessary to exchange from an analytical ack-ack to a planetary one, giving as an illustration to see 3x + 5 as a common factor in the look ( 3x + 5 ) 2 2x ( 3x + 5 ) . These illustrations indicate that pupils are required to hold conceptual apprehension in larning mathematics constructs when it comes to progress mathematics.MethodologyA qualitative attack was chosen for this survey, as I want to run a risk out about the mathematical thought underlying the mistakes when work outing equations. experimental attack or quantitative attack will non be suited to seek the information required in the research inquiries. In order to show a wide image of the pupils mistakes and apprehension, it was necessary to utilize a written trial. Semi-structured interview Sessionss will be conducted after the analysis of the written trial. Interviews session will be the platform where pupils supply penetrations into the grounds for mistakes. Beginnings of informations from the written trial, interview Sessionss and past markers study will be able to triangulate the beginning of mistakes which is required in this survey. The sample of the survey is secondary Five ( Grade 11 ) pupils. They were selected for the survey as these pupils would hold covered most types of equations as compared to secondary Four ( Grade 10 ) pupils. The pupils cognition in mathematics could be tested in more state of affairss and would pull out greater assortment of mistakes.This survey was planned toanalyze the mistake patterns in phases of work outing equations reducible to quadratic signifier,compare the mistake forms of convergent thinkers of different abilities in work outing equations,place the idea procedure underlying the mistake patterns.WORKPLANAll pupils are given the instrument incorporating 7 inquiries on w ork outing equations. Duration of the trial is 40 proceedingss. The written solution will be marked and mistakes that are surfaced for each inquiry will be written and categorised. Following, the Markss of the trial will be tabulated and the pupils will be categorized to three sets high ability medium ability low ability. The mistakes from each set will be farther analysed. Interview Sessionss with a few pupils from each set will keep to happen out why these mistakes occur. During the interview session, worked out solution of the pupils ain working and other pupils solutions will be used to analyze how the mistakes occurred. Interview session will be held in the period 7 surround 11 March 2011. In the hebdomads to come, I will finalise my findings from the interview. I will go on to read more literature on symbols, apprehension, mistakes and equation work outing for readying of the concluding study.

A Fourth Generation Family Business

The current team should allow a picture in management as the business require focus on key sectors much(prenominal) as administration and finance, customer fulfillment and operations, sales and marketing. Such needs a family member who have skills and emotional about making the family business an asset worth preserving. Senior generations should have transfer plans to the junior generation in the family much(prenominal) that ownership is not lost. This leave alone likewise help in solving issues such as technical mistakes, planning in some vacuum and the challenge of treating children equitably.Therefore, the current team should eventide a plan to specify who is to step into the business, especially in responsibilities such as ownership, management and leading among others. 2. The management made the decision because they want to solve some particular problem that they either dont have the time or the expertise to solve. Therefore, consultants will be the best to solve the p roblem of training and also implement the solutions. Consultants may also help the management team to define the problem they encounter and attend to them reach their own conclusion.The involvement of the outside consultants does tot move Graters from its roots as a family business. This is because the consultants will be brought in to solve some problem in the business. This will help in the glossiness of harmony. The many skills that come into play in helping the family business involves traffic with the family issue and also dealing with the business issue. 3. I do agree with the Graters decision to stop franchising. The main core of GreaterFranchising manufacturing sectors also owes real risks for the Graters, and this is also because the customers will know that it is a franchise. Stopping franchising will also help in having the genius of the name of Graters. It also helps Graters management to work and make the product branding and advertising. It allows them also to pur sue the nationally distribution through some large networks of supermarket chains and grocery stores. The Grafters will not have problems such as the reaction with the stock markets, as they will take actions themselves.

Actus Reus and Mens Rea Essay

The elements that constitue mens rea, videlicet 1. The accused knew what they were doing 2. They knew what they were doing was wrong (legally) 3. They were in sound mind to choose whether or not to do it 4. They chose to do it anyway. If any of these 4 are not present, then mens rea is not complete, and the person can be build not sheepish (including pleading insanity).Furthermore, there is a category of offences known as strict obligation offences, for which there need not be any evidence of mens rea i.e. you can be found guilty of commiting a crime even without knowing it. This includes offences such as dog fouling, breaking the highway cipher etc. Essentially, it says that ignorance of the law is no defence, youre guilty through the actus reus alone.On the other hand, often the antagonist is true, mens rea in itself can lead to conviction i.e. if it was proved that a person was planning/intending to commit a crime, they can be convicted without actually having done anything. Usually, this takes the form of fulfilling an offence in itself e.g conspircay to commit murder. This has a capacious deal of importance today if someone purchases a load of chemicals and mixes them to create explosives in their home, the law doesnt have to wait for tem to blow something up before they can be convicted of terrorism. If youve seen the film Minority plow, youll know the dangers of taking this to the extreme.Broadly speaking, in criminal law, it must be proved beyond healthy doubt that a person pposessed the relevant mens rea and committed the actus reus on order to be convicted of a crime. However, to share with the variety of offences, to encourage awareness of the law and to ensure that the law has a moral element in its operation, then the two doctrine can stand on their own to lead to a conviction.

Biological basis of human movement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Biological basis of human movement - assay ExampleThese types of movements are not particularly powerful movements but an important one none the less. The musculus tibialis is responsible for ensuring that the toes are lifted properly during the act of walking. Without this, the prat would constantly drag.The gastrocnemius on the otherwise hand is made up of ii thick vigour bellies (composed of muscle fiber bunches) and is responsible for flexing the foot while the knee crossroads is extended. Comparatively speaking, the gastrocnemius is a larger more powerful muscle than the tibialis anterior. The gastrocnemius is composed of more fibers and discontinues two muscle bellies as apposed to one.To better understand theses two specific muscles, one must first establish the cellular structure of muscle tissue. Muscular tissue is considered to be contractile or possessing an elastic property, similar to a rubber band. Muscles are made up of certain types of cells called muscle fib ers. These specific types of cells are composed of what is called actin filaments and myosin filaments. It is the interconnecting or interacting of these filaments that is responsible for muscle contractions.The specific types of muscles that this lab is concerned with are called skeletal muscles. These muscles can also be called striated muscles. The term striated is given them due to the take out like fibers that they are composed of, which are both light and dark. The appearance of light and dark in these muscle threads is due to the actin and myosin filaments. These thread like fibers cause the muscles to appear striped or striated. senseless muscles are responsible for the movement of limbs and appendages. They are attached to the long bones via tendons. It is the angle that presents between the joint and the muscle that constitutes the angle of pennation that we will be studying. In the observation of these muscles, we need to understand their structure on a cellular level in order to fully comprehend their mechanisms. It is important also to realise that all(prenominal) of the skeletal muscles that we are observing is made up of several muscle fibers (cells). These fibers are each a long cell with some unique cellular characteristics. One of the characteristics specific to muscle fibers (cells) is the sarcolemma. The sarcolemma is the germ plasm membrane to the muscle fiber (cell) with some very important features. It possesses what is called T tubules which are structures specifically for lancinate the cell itself in order to make contact with the sarcoplasmic second stomach. These tubules aim to touch the sarcoplasmic reticulum without actually connecting to it. The sarcoplasmic reticulum is much like an endoplasmic reticulum but an enlarged or expanded version. The sarcoplasmic reticulum is larger or expanded in muscle fibers in order to store calcium ions. Calcium ions are haughty to the contraction of muscles.The part of the muscle fiber re sponsible for contraction is called the myofibril. Structures called sarcomeres are located within these myofibrils. The sarcomeres contain protein filaments which is the core reason for muscle contraction. This is basically the contraction site of the muscle. The protein filaments are composed of the two filaments mentioned earlier, actin and myosin. The interaction of actin and myosin can be explained by what is called the Sliding Filament Theory. This theory states that

Biodiversity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Biodiversity - Research Paper ExampleOn a more lofty plane of analysis, proponents of bioengineering, laud it as a triumph of human innovation, an example of creations superior knowledge over other organisms in the eco-system. Some even argue that sustainable agriculture is possible only with ergonomics and imaginative chemistry. (Schneiderman and Carpenter, 1990). Environmental advocates, on the other advance, warn of the hazards of biotechnology on biodiversity and other life-forms. For example, environmentalists assert that the corn that is keeping pests away is also killing the Monarch butterfly. gibe to Wilson (1992), the race is on to develop methods, to draw more income from the wildlands without killing them, and so to give the invisible hand of the free market a green thumb. the central debate that underpins the biotechnology discourse balancing the WTO principles on liberalization and the environmental concerns of biotechnology. To quote Herdegen (2010) Biotechnology on the international level, is covered by the said bipartite Environmental Agreements (MEAs), which build their judicial content upon a precautionary approach. On the other hand, WTO trade natural law is deemed to focus on the abolition of trade barriers and the combating of protectionism and unjustified discrimination. Therefore there is a potential for interlocking between trade law and MEAs, especially in the field of biotechnology. It is this conflict that has made the crafting of an international sanctioned framework for biotechnology so fraught with tensions, and the road to Cartagena so bumpy. The proposal for the international regulation of biotechnology was spawned by a 1986 incident, wherein the United States tested a genetically-modified rabies vaccine in Argentina, without having informed, much little obtained consent, from the Argentine government. This raised fears that with without an international legal framework for biotechnology, developed countries would use on togeny countries as laboratories, so putting citizens of the latter at great risk. (Gupta, 2000 24). There was a pre-existing Convention on biologic Diversity that could be used to serve as a framework for the creation of a design particularly and specifically addressing biotechnology concerns and issues. Article 8 of the CBD called on Parties to establish or maintain content to regulate, manage or control the risks associated with the use and inconvenience of living modified organisms resulting from biotechnology which are promising to have adverse environmental impacts that could affect the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, taking also into measure the risks to human health. On the basis of Article 8, the parties to the Convention decided to form a working conference to hammer out a protocol acceptable by all. Delegates from 170 nations locked heads in Cartagena to work with the contentious issues being raised and the various points of divergence between n ations and stakeholders. In a press release by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) in 1999, Klaus Toepfer, executive director of the program, was quoted as saying we bespeak a widely accepted protocol that protects the environment, strengthens the capacity of developing countries to ensure biosafety, complements existing national regulations, and promotes normal confidence in biotechnology and all the benefits it can offer. This, however, proved to be easier said than done. Countries from Europe and from the developing world found themselves forming an

Stereotypes in the media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Stereotypes in the media - Es presuppose ExampleWe might care to say one thing or the other that is in complete opposition to these stereotypes but we do non dare do something about it. The whole thinking mindset thus needs to be changed for the dampen if we want to abolish the whole concept of the ever remaining stereotypes present within the media.To start with, advertizement and media communications is all about conveying a single, unified message round off to the target auditory modality in a manner which meshes along well both with the clients budget as well as the aspirations and expectations of the people for whom the brand is being marketed or advertised. It is formed on the basis of mental and physiological movements which are studied by the advertising and marketing people so that the client (the connection people) also remain happy and their business flourishes in the longer run. However, to get this very message down to the intended people is not an easy job to sta rt with. It needs to be very targeted, little and significant for them in order for them to take notice and understand that the particular brand connects with them in the scoop out and most easiest of manners possible and hence they should be the ones to buy it for themselves and for this reason satisfy their need or even please themselves more than they had already expected. It is a sure tough job for the people who strike to extract the perfect message which needs to be sharpened again and again before it real gets down to the right kind of people who will make the actual purchase and therefore the crop will be sold in the end. However, on the flip side of the coin, this requires selling the product or the brand in the mind of the consumer before he actually decides to go and buy the very same. This is refereed as the pre-selling stage and advertising has got a lot to do with it.Psychologically speaking, children connect with what is

European Union Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

European unification Law - Essay ExampleHowever, the Act excluded liability for loss of wages and required the victim to name the liability of the manufacturer. The leading and the Act were to replace the existing national laws of negligence in relation to the Product.In May 2004, Byrd has prescribed a Product, manufactured by Omnia Pharma PLC (Omnia) a comp whatever registered in England, for relieving stress. subsequently using for two weeks, Byrd developed suppurating psoriasis as a side effect of this product. This led to frequent absence from work and the resultant dismissal from service. Byrd unsuccessfully attempted suicide due to these developments. The Product continues to be cover by UK patients with the result that Omnia has a monopoly on sales of the Product in the UK.The doctrine of direct effect, which is relevant to individuals as well as institutions, permits individuals to file a case in national courts if an EU Directive is incorrectly implemented by that Memb er State. Rights under direct effect have to be reward without any reference to domestic law. As such the doctrine of direct effect is an intrinsic sectionalization of the notion of the supremacy of European Law and no discretion is permitted to the Member States or Community institutions. Regulations unendingly have a direct effect but Directives obtain direct effect only on the basis of the merits of each case (direct effect, 2006).The Community law provisions require the Member States to compensate any loss caused to individuals due to the non implementation of a Directive. In the case of Francovich and Others v Italy, the ECJ made it clear that in order to make a Member State liable for the damages caused to an individual as a result of none implementation of a Directive, three conditions must be fulfilled.