Preventing Sexual Harassment in the Workplace Essay

The Los Angeles Times recently ran survey results that found that four out of five teenagers suffer sex harassment at school. One in ten students said that he/she had been forced to commit a sexual act during school hours. The surveyors state that the findings provide evidence that sexual harassment in schools has reached â€Å"epidemic† proportions. Employment training programs now ten years after the sexual harassment prohibition and the well-publicized Thomas hearings begin with myths and facts about sexual harassment or pre-tests on knowledge of the prohibitions against the activity. These tests still come up with â€Å"true† for the answers to myths like, â€Å"Women working in a predominantly male job should expect to live with rough†¦show more content†¦The victim does not have to be the person harassed but could be anyone affected by the offensive conduct. Under Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, no individual may be discriminated against on the basis of sex in education programs receiving federal financial assistance. Peer sexual harassment is a form of prohibited sex discrimination where the harassing conduct creates a hostile environment. Harassment in the educational environment can occur in teacher to student, student to teacher, and student-to-student relationships. Sexual harassment can take on many forms such as unwelcome touching or interfering with movement, verbal epithets, derogatory comments, displaying of derogatory cartoons, posters or messages, graphic verbal commentaries about an individuals body, sexually degrading words used to describe an individual, suggestive or obscene letters, notes or invitations, touching oneself sexually, or talking about one’s sexual activity in front of others. â€Å"Quid Pro Quo† sexual harassment in an educational or employment environment is conditioned on sexual behavior. Such things as sex for grades or promotions/raises fall into this category. â€Å"Quid pro quo† exists in the employment setting when submission to sexual conduct is explicitly or implicitly made a condition of a job, job benefit, or the absence of a job detriment.[1] â€Å"Hostile Environment† sexual harassment usually involves conduct that is subjectively andShow MoreRelatedPreventing Sexual Harassmen t At The Workplace978 Words   |  4 PagesPreventing Sexual Harassment in the Workplace An anti-harassment policy should be set and published to every company by the employer; moreover, this policy should state and allow the employees to complain if the harassment and discrimination occur. However, employers are likely to be negligent about the important of investigating complaints of sexual harassment and appropriate solutions. (Tremblay, 2008) The most effective weapon against sexual harassment is prevention. It is impossibleRead MorePreventing Sexual Harassment in the Workplace1166 Words   |  5 Pages Preventing Sexual Harassment in the Workplace Does the phrase â€Å"That’s what she said.† sound familiar? The phrase is from the popular hit television series The Office. The guy behind this popular quote is none other than Dunder Mifflin’s Michael Scott. This quote is not only inappropriate but it is also a form of sexual harassment and Michael Scott is the king of sexual harassment. Unfortunately sexual harassment is a problem that is occurring in the workplace. In another popular movie, HorribleRead MoreSexual Harassment At The Workplace990 Words   |  4 PagesIt is great to have a workplace where you are friends with your coworkers. But what happens when coworkers talk about other coworkers in a sexual context. Two male coworkers talking about female staff where coworkers in the area can hear. Your manager suggests that they can help you earn a promotion if you go out with them. This puts employees in awkward situations where they might not know if this is considered sexual harassment. If it is, an employee maybe unsure what to do about it. AccordingRead MoreSexual Harassment At An Organization Essay1485 Words   |  6 PagesSexual Harassment in an Organization By: Elsie Alex Organizational Behavior Professor Patricia Sokol September 15, 2016 Abstract This essay is based on sexual harassment in the workplace. It gives examples of what sexual harassment is and knowing how to identify sexual harassment in an organization. This essay takes information from different articles describing sexual harassment and discrimination in the workplace. It gives scenarios and examples of sexual harassment. It alsoRead MoreThe Legal Management of Employees in the Hospitality Industry1418 Words   |  6 Pagesaspects of legally managing employees in the hospitality industry. Generally, employment agreements in this industry are developed and established either through an offer letter or verbally. When properly developed, the offer letters can help in preventing the difficulties that are brought by the misunderstandings of employers or employees. This is primarily because the offer letters provide comprehensive details of the offer made by employers to employees. The details in the offer letter includeRead MoreIntroduction. The Purpose Of This Artic le Is To Provide1362 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The purpose of this article is to provide a concise summary of what sexual harassment is, discussing who it affects, and its prevalence in organisations using evidence and examples. A range of views will be provided to describe how sexual harassment affects organizations and employees. This article will examine the primary alternative interventions aimed at resolving for sexual harassment in the workplace. The alternatives are all considered to be preventions, rather than reactions toRead MoreThe Background of Sexual Harassment1799 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: SEXUAL HARASSMENT IN THE WORKPLACE: AN EMPLOYER LIABILITY Sexual Harassment in the Workplace: An Employer Liability Angela Brittain Bus310. Human Resource Management Professor Bucholz March 15, 2007 Sexual Harassment in the Workplace: An Employer Liability Sexual harassment in the workplace is among the most offensive and demeaning situations an employee can be subjected to. A recent study concluded that at least 40% of women in the workforce have at one time been the objectRead MoreSexual Harassment Within The Workplace1567 Words   |  7 PagesSexual harassment is a continuing, persistent occupational health problem in corporations and work environments. There can be extensive, negative consequences for individual victims and the corporations involved. Assailants and harassers can impact and hurt victims by affecting both their professional work lives and personal lives. The purpose of this paper is to heighten awareness and sensitivity to this important issue, recognizing that institutions, clinics, corporations, organizations and office-basedRead MoreThe Ethical Conduct Of The Physician Assistant1308 Words   |  6 PagesSafety (CCOHS) (2005), defines workplace violence as â€Å"any act in which a person is abused, threatened, intimidated or assaulted in his or her employment.†5 (p 254) There are five behavior components in workplace violence: Threatening behavior, verbal or written threats, harassment, and physical attacks. Threatening behavior includes â€Å"shaking fists, destroying property or throwing objects.†5 (p 254) Verbal threats reveal intent to inflict harm to another. Harassment encompasses behaviors that â€Å"demeansRead MoreThe State Of Sexual Harassment858 Words   |  4 Pages Machin, L. (2012). The State of Sexual Harassment in America: What is the Status of Sexual Harassment in the US Workplace Today? Journal of Global Business Management, 8(1), 133-138. Unwanted sexual advances are inappropriate whether or not an individual is at work. This article speaks to the minds of people who have been sexually harassed at work in the 2000s. When written, the article explained that in the last two years sexual harassment in the workplace had actually increased. It also explains

The Role of Public Relation in Maintaining a Good Relationship between Assignment

Essays on The Role of Public Relation in Maintaining a Good Relationship between the Organization and the General Public Assignment The paper â€Å"The Role of Public Relation in Maintaining a Good Relationship between the Organization and the General Public† is an  engrossing version of an assignment on marketing. Public Relations basically deal with maintaining a good public image for an organization or business. Others consider it as a process of managing communication between the public and the organization. This is directed at ensuring that the organization maintains a good relationship with the community it serves as well as the general public. It is apparent that any organization that is associated with some level of discipline and good conduct, has taken some initiative to employ a good public image, which in essence defines what public relation is all about. However, Public Relations is not only applied in the organizations and business, but it can also be applied at personal levels as it basically concerns maintaining a good reputation. This paper will consider three cases in order to illustrat e how Public Relations are applied.Question 1The world of business today is very competitive and therefore most organizations are implementing practices that will make them stand out among the rest in the competing industry, as well as making them appealing to the media and the general public (Seitel, 2006). Looking at this case, for instance, one company, Mountain Spring Bottled Water has decided to sponsor the netball competition at the Forest Springs Community Sports Centre for a period of three years. Mountain Springs Bottled Water Company’s initiative to sponsor the race contains some significance both to the community and the company itself. First, such a process acts as a promotional strategy whereby the company can take the opportunity to market its products and make them known within the community. Thus, at the end of the race, the company will have increased its market share as its products will have been known within the community. It might as well acquire higher s ales. Second, the company will attain a good image of the community. The community will come to appreciate the efforts done by the company to sponsor the race and in turn, change the community’s perception about the company as most of them will view the company as a philanthropic one that is ready to support the community.How to research could be used to plan a campaign to launch and promote the relationship between the company and the communityThe research entails collecting information, and the amount of information determines the decision-making process. Effective decisions are built on extensive information. In this case, Mountain Spring Bottled Water Company can conduct research to identify the needs and priorities of the community so that it can launch a campaign that will be directed at meeting the identified needs and priorities. In this way, the community will appreciate the activities of the company and in turn, generate a good relationship between the community and the company. Therefore, research will enable the company to identify the needs and the priorities of the community, and thus the company can implement the necessary measures to counter the identified needs in order to build a good rapport with the community. The company can also use research to identify effective intervention strategies that could be used to establish a good relationship with the community (Seib and Fitzpatrick, 1995). For instance, the community might have its cultural and religious beliefs and thus the company can apply approaches that respect these beliefs in order to promote a good relationship.

Accounting Theory and Current Issues Performing Research

Question: Describe about the Accounting Theory and Current Issues for Performing Research. Answer: Introduction Development research industry has been doing well in the recent past and many firms have since joined the RD industry (JUCKER ROUCHOTA1998). Bio-sustainable Feeds (BSF) is one of the firms in the industry performing research in Australia in sector aqua food production and has been in the industry for decades. The company has been listed among others in the Australian stock exchange market. The company operation has been under criticisms by the environmentalists who view its operations negative. Based on the accounting and business arguments as well as theories all companies has got patent right to their products (KING,2006). Therefore a company must be also responsible for their products. Bio-sustainable industry produced a plant based aqua culture food products which never yield better results as per the expectations and ended up losing huge sum of money in the process. The scope of this paper investigates accounting theories in relation to the current issues such as BSF Ltd. The p aper exploits the current issues in relation to accounting theory in application to Bio-sustainable fish feed. Nature and value to society of the research being done by BSF Ltd The kind of research being conducted by the company is a developmental research. It is an RD research project which aims at improving food production in Australia as a whole if it succeeds. The aqua feed research is an experimental based research which requires a lot of experimentation to ensure its success (BERMAN 2009). BSF LTD research can also be seen as an applied research in which a party such as agencies and society must benefit from. It involves risks due to the fact that it is both field and experimental as well. The research being done by the company is of a great to the society in several ways. Even though a lot capital is invested into the research, its fruits will help eradicate the world hunger in future. BSF Ltd has tried their best trying to provide continuous fish supply into the markets reducing the rate of hunger (KIESO, WEYGANDT WARFIELD 2010). BSF ltd current research is to the public rescue since it involves recycling of waste products in the creation of a bett er and fast growing fish. The research indicates that most of the ingredients required for such fish feed are waste products. The company intends to use bacteria in their manufacturing which may not be too much burden to the society. Wood chips are waste products, the use of woodchips is cheaper to acquire and readily available and has no biological effects on the consumers who are members of society. Another raw material for the production is a recycled methane gas which does not require much capital (COLLINGS, S. (2015). Production of these fish feed is safer to environment as many of the raw materials are environmental pollutants. Sugar residue, methane and wood chips are waste products of which their use helps in elimination of pollutants in the environment leading to elimination of infections as well. Production of aqua feed according to BSF ltd in such away has got a positive impact to members of the society. The kind fish kept with such kind of feed has its omega oil intact and matures faster compared to the normal. The faster growth of fish will result in increased food supply to the society reducing hunger levels in Australia in future. Success of this research will result into a bridge of the gap between the poor and the rich as witnessed in the previous farming method where only the rich could afford fish. The society values this research since it has resulted into prevention of human quality food waste. Conversion of human food product into fish meal was a great challenge to Australian society and resulted to malnutrition and starvation as quality human food was used to grow luxurious fish which majority could not afford. Biotechnological aqua feed production will lead to expansion of fish farming in the society (PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP 2013). Increase in fish farms mean s creation of employment which factor to growth and development in a given society. The research is substantial to the society as it facilitates its development as well as boosting its economy. Problems with the early research done by BSF Ltd. The $360 million AUD research investment performed by Bio-sustainable Feeds (BSF) Ltd has got a lot of drawbacks to the company itself, economy and Australian society (JARNAGIN 2008). The research was not conducted with the consideration of human, survival mechanism of various types of and finally the economic status of individual citizen. The shift from fish meal for other fish to planted produce was too expensive compared to bacteria production of aqua feed. Planted ingredients such as canola, corn, soya-bean, sunflower and other farm products were expensive compared to bacteria production which majors in recycling of waste products (RIAHI-BELKAOUI 2005). The company spent a lot in the purchases of raw materials without speculation of what may happen in future. The research never considered a deeper study on the diet of various types of fish which ended up dead resulting into a huge collapse of money (RIAHI-BELKAOUI 2005). BFS Ltd industry never considered the consequences of farm based fish feed to species of fish and to human nutrition as revealed by Jillian Fry, director of CLF's Public Health and Sustainable Aquaculture Project and a faculty member at the Johns Hopkins. Farm produced fish acquire omega 3 fatty acid from other products especially fish oil. The research produced expensive small fish which were only affordable for the rich. In any case where only a given part of a population can afford a product, market becomes limited due reduced demand. Such scenario leads to imbalanced equilibrium in the supply and demand as well as unstable economy. Another problem with BSF research is the failure to consider the importance of the raw materials to the third party and human nutrition (EVANS 2003). Most of the farm products used in manufacturing of aqua feed is basic and human high quality food crops. This kind of fish farming led to human starvation since their basic foods were being converted into fish meal. In consideration of human nutrition the end fi sh products from this shift were of low quality and could lead to health issues and complications. Nature, accounting and comparison between general research and RD Development is an application of already conducted research on a particular field. For instance, BFS company venturing into aqua meal production is application of developmental research. Development utilizes the research finding and outcome to come up with a specific end product as seen in the case of BSF ltd (REDDY 2004). The nature of development involves use of specific raw material in the line of production, specific systems and finally clearly identified methods. Development is a sub branch of a general research which deals with the generation of a more indispensable understanding and deigns important in manufacturing of the model. On the other hand research is defined as an indefinite investigation. It targets a more general field in comparison to development which is more specific. For instance if BSF Ltd was a general research facility it could have conducted a more broad research rather than plant based, fish based and bacteria based fish feed. Research works on a broad pers pective while development only applies to the last part and on a specific finding (PANDIKUMAR 2007). General research requires large amount of money while development is specific thus specific budget. The accounting in general research differs from that of development since only expenses are accounted. All company assets are not expenses as seen in development. Accounting in RD is the consideration of expenses and revenues over a given period of time (BONIN 2001). The cost allocated for development should match expenses and revenues. All assets purchased in development are expensed. This capitalization of assets in the development is considered as an expense since they are meant to generate income in future. Development expenditures are formed with the expectation of future profits and products of measurement. Development has a lot of benefits and advantages compared to general research and has attracted several investors in recent past (VONORTAS, 1991). General research is road and requires a lot of funding which has got no sure benefit in return. Investors enjoy tax breaks in which tax are often deductible but some are not deductible. General development research such as market research and assessment research are not subject to taxation making many investors to get into development research. Development allow s more cost effective investment thus increasing the profit margin. In terms of financing RD enjoy the benefits of funding from other parties like established companies. Such companies enjoy qualified employees since many of graduates tend to join these companies (PORWAL 2001). The above reasons make several firms to RD industry to enjoy the benefits and exploit the available economies of scale. Fair market value patent assumptions and calculations Development based research companies like BFS ltd have patent for their products. Calculation of the patent value according to GAAP involves appropriate assumptions to come up with the fair values (WALLACE SCHRODER 1997). In the case of Bio-sustainable, the company received a lot of grants from Australian government research sector (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) the company agrees to spend the money in two years and the addition (THOMPSON 2010). The assumption based on the calculations of the patent value under combination of discounted cash flow and real option method. The method assumes that a sole biotechnology firm has ten years (KITT 2016). Since BSF ltd is among the biotech industry the sum of total year applies and addition two years of agreement. (10yers +2yrs= 12 years). The DCF market value* (1+factor %) = patent fair value indication. The value lies two methods as shown. The NVP = $ 700000000 *(1+8.0) = $630000000. Therefore fair pat ent value =Preliminary DCF value (1 + factor %) = Patent fair market value indication BSF journal entries for BSF LTD. Cash disbursement journal BSF Ltd. Raw materials and other facilities has cost BSF Ltd. $160 million date particulars Debit credit 2013 facility $160000000 Expected to use a cost another $200 million AUD in development costs to bring it to market. BSF Year Particulars Debit credit 2013 transport $200000000 Cash receipts journal BSF Ltd. received a $500 million AUD grant from the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO, Federal Government of Australia) Year Particulars Debit Credit 2013 (CSIRO $500000000 In consideration of $500 million AUD grant from the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO, Federal Government of Australia) the right place is the credit since the company is to refund back the money (ANDERSON ANDERSON 2012). All the liabilities such the grant is debited since it is the companies responsibility to refund back the money to the owners after the purpose is met (ROSTEN 2013). In the research and development a third party such as the agencies are beneficiaries thus any funding from them is a liability to the research company such as BSF Ltd. Management asserted in a prospectus of patent value Bio-sustainable Feed has the got the patent right to access to the bacteria since they had operated a food company before. The company had early operated aquaculture feed for the last period before venturing into the new technology where bacteria is used as a raw material for product (RIDLER 2001). The assertion is true since the patent rights allow RD companies to utilize complementary resources to bring their final idea into the market (RIDLER 2001). Therefore BSF ltd is permitted to access bacteria from the previous company. Conclusion A lot of issues and theories have been discussed in relation to the current. Research and development has been among the current issues discussed within the context of the paper. Development has become an issue in accounting sector has to be looked keenly to ensure that the sector is perfectly developed. The fair patent right is also an issue the company management should consider in relation to what has been discussed below. References JUCKER, A. H., ROUCHOTA, V. (1998). Current issues in relevance theory. Amsterdam [u.a.], J. Benjamins KING, A. M. (2006). Fair value for financial reporting: meeting the new FASB requirements. Hoboken, N.J., John Wiley Sons. https://www.123library.org/book_details/?id=5798. BERMAN, B. M. (2009). From assets to profits: competing for IP value return. Hoboken, N.J., J. Wiley. https://www.books24x7.com/marc.asp?bookid=29821 KIESO, D. E., WEYGANDT, J. J., WARFIELD, T. D. (2010). Intermediate accounting: IFRS approach. Volume 2 Volume 2. Hoboken, N.J., Wiley. COLLINGS. S ,2003 ). Interpretation and application of UK GAAP for accounting periods commencing on or after 1 January 2015. https://site.ebrary.com/id/11031335. PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP. (2013). Manual of accounting: new UK GAAP - 2013. JARNAGIN, B. D. (2008). 2009 U.S. master GAAP guide. Chicago, IL, CCH. RIAHI-BELKAOUI, A. (2005). Accounting theory. London, Thomson. EVANS, T. G. (2003). Accounting theory: contemporary accounting issues. Mason (Ohio), Thomson/South-Western. PORWAL, L. S. (2001). Accounting theory: an introduction. New Delhi, Tata McGraw-Hill. BONIN, H. (2001). Generational Accounting: Theory and Application. Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer Berlin Heidelberg. https://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=3098615. PANDIKUMAR, M. P. (2007). Management accounting: theory and practice. New Delhi, Excel Books. HENDERSON, S., PEIRSON, G., BROWN, R. (1992). Financial accounting theory: its nature and development. Melbourne, Australia, Longman Cheshire. REDDY, R. J. P. (2004). Advanced accounting: theory and practice. New Delhi, A.P.H. Publ. BERI, G. C. (1993). Research and development in Indian industry. New Delhi, Concept Pub. Co. VONORTAS, N. S. (1991). Cooperative research in RD-intensive industries. Aldershot, Avebury. WALLACE, L. T., SCHRODER, W. R. (1997). Government and the Food Industry: Economic and Political Effects of Conflict and Co-Operation. Boston, MA, Springer US. https://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=308145 KITT, M. (2016). Research and development tax reliefs. [Place of publication not identified], Bloomsbury Professional. ANDERSON, N. G., ANDERSON, N. G. (2012). Practical process research and development: a guide for organic chemists. Amsterdam, Academic Press. ROSTEN, T. W. (2013). Perspectives for sustainable development of Nordic aquaculture: the Paban-report. Kbh, Nordisk MinisterraÃÅ'Ã…  d. HALWART, M. (2005). Papers presented at the FAO/NACA consultation on aquaculture for sustainable rural development: Chiang Rai, Thailand, 29 - 31 march 1999. Rome, FAO. RIDLER, N., HISHAMUNDA, N. (2001). Promotion of sustainable commercial aquaculture in sub-Saharan Africa. Vol. 1, Vol. 1. Rome, FAO. THOMPSON, T., BROWN, M. (2010). American Dietetic Association easy gluten-free: expert nutrition advice with more than 100 recipes. Hoboken, N.J., Wiley.

International Business †Superdry in India and China

Introduction Super Group Plc is a UK based retailing firm constituting of three brands; Superdry, 77 Breed and Surf Co California. The Super Group apparel takes its inspiration from the Japanese culture of designs and vintage American for its styling and thus provides a very unique manufacture that is targeted to wide demographics.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on International Business – Superdry in India and China specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The company further provides shoes, accessories and bags. The brand was formed in 1985 in London by Julian Dunkerton and started operations as a cult store in Cheltenham (The Telegraph 2011). It gained popularity with the celebrity endorsement by David Beckham and since then has expanded its operations in terms of standalone stores, cult and concessions, UK wholesale and e-commerce. It has expanded internationally through franchising and license in 40 countries including Japan, Belgium, France, USA and Australia and in 85 stores through its online operations. It has a total of 39 outlets in the UK and Ireland and has 60 concessions and standalone stores in the House of Fraser throughout the country. It is also listed in the London Stock Exchange (Superdry Group Plc 2011). Evaluation of Country Information The two countries chosen for an evaluation based on further expansion of Super Dry are India and China as both of these countries are emerging in terms of economics and the textile industry is significant contributor to the GDP in both the countries (Emme 2006). In case of India, the textile industry is the major sector of the economy; it accounts for 14% of the total industrial production and contributes 20% to the total exports and 5% to the GDP. It is also one of the largest employers of the economy, employing 38 million people in the country hence there is great potential in the Indian industry for further growth and development as it is one of the emerging economies (Balasubramanyam 2005). Although the Indian industry is plagued with bureaucracy and obsolete infrastructure in many cases and the investment is still limited to meet a global retail demand. However, the textile industry has evolved over time to become one of the most efficient industries in the world today, offering shorter production cycles, greater flexibility, greater value addition and a greater customization (Balasubramanyam 2005). The sourcing agents and the retailers have a greater propensity and willingness to invest. The country is inclined towards more efficient use of information technology and business process outsourcing making its supply chains more integrated and coordinated. It offers a complete vertical integration of the apparel manufacturing process, from the growing cotton and final tailoring of the ready garments.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More India a has a population of 1.1 billion with a large segment of young population with purchasing power and an acceptance for new western trends and fashion styles. At the same time, there exists a cultural diversity in India whereby there are 15 different national languages and the dialect varies from state to state. This presents a complex market situatin where the target market is fragmented and thus a consolidated expansion may not be the most appropriate answer. Organized retailing in India accounts for only 3% of the market, although this is lower than that of China at 20% but it represents under capacity utilization which means there is room for further development in this sector. There are 100 shopping malls in India today, as per the data of 2006 (Teck-Yong 2010). China is the leading exporter of textiles with the market share of more than 10% whereas India is third largest exporter with the market share of 4%. China’s population is on a de creasing trend owing to its one child policy thus it does not have a young population as large as India’s (Balasubramanyam 2005). The introduction of market system in China in 1970’s has changed the economic structure of the Chinese markets and industries; textile and apparel industry provides a similar example of these changes. â€Å"It has the largest apparel industry in the world which employs more than 3.9 million of the workforce and had 47,000 establishments in the year 1995. Chinese apparel production amounted to 9.685 billion garments (in units) and total apparel exports stood at a value of approximately US$24billion† (Gu 1999). Textile exports in china accounted for 29.38% of the total Chinese exports in 1994, soon after the economic reforms were implementing. This suggests the importance this sector receives. Although this number has reduced over time as China has expanded its markets incorporating a greater amount of electronic and other household ite ms, textile and apparel industries continue to be important in bringing foreign currency into the country. As per the 2008 data, Chinese textile industry valued 65.406 billion USD, an increase of 16.6% from the year 2007. However, the textile exports have shown a relative decline despite the tax rebates that were adjusted twice after the second half of 2008 (Gu 1999). A major chunk of this production accounts for foreign exports and thus made from imported fabric and cloth. Aimed at a mass a mass market, it has relatively less product differentiation and offers low prices. However, it has strategically divided its operations in production of high quality, high fashion international brands.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on International Business – Superdry in India and China specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It thus has an extensive and advanced distribution systems and outsourcing agents. 80% of U.S. impor ts from china are transported through the use of intermediary trade. Apart from being a characteristic of immense significance, this also poses a threat to the Chinese export market as it hampers the accurate assessment impossible (Emme 2006). Furthermore, the sewing industry also experiences external economies of scale as much of it is concentrated along the coastal region making it easier for transportation and communication from its international markets hence it provides infrastructure to facilitate rapidly increasing international trade in apparel. However, on the other hand, the labour costs in China are increasing as well as the currency appreciation poses an inflationary pressure on the raw material procurement. These rising costs have resulted in a more dispersed sewing and apparel industry whereby many of the producers have moved to inland locations to benefit from cheap labor and raw material. This makes it a less attractive market for further expansion of Super Dry as co mpared to India where the labour costs are extremely low facilitated by a cheaper currency (International Labor Organization 1996-2011). Thus based on the above data evaluation, India is a more promising industry for further expansion and should be evaluated further. This is because although China is more developed in its operations, intermediaries and supportive infrastructure, it enjoys economies of scale but India still has a gap that can be filled with external investments. This vacuum can be filled with similar international expansions as it has the capacity to produce further, promoting the strategic aims of our expansion. PESTLE Analysis of India and China as possible markets for expansion Based on Michael Porter’s Pestle framework, we will now deduce the key external factors that we will have to consider to support the decision of further expansion of Superdry. Following are the most important factors, affecting this particular strategy: Political and Legal The Indian government introduced the Multi-Fibre Arrangement (MFA) in India that aimed to increase India’s Global textile market share. It has invested more than $11billion from 2000 to 2005 to increase the cotton production by 57% over five years. Further, Vision 2010, aimed to achieve export value of $50 billion for textiles growth in the economy. These steps have enabled it to promote investment and growth in this sector (Jing 2010). So if Superdry is to expand in India, it will benefit from favorable government policies and regulations.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the other hand, Chinese textile industry also receives political and government support, but has experienced a persistent decline after the financial year 2008. The government passed the Revitalization Plans for the Textile Industry in 2009 which aimed at supporting the recovery of the textile industry from a downfall which imitated in 2008. Export rebates have also been increased and adjusted several times to stimulate the industry (Jing 2010). Economic The textile industry in India is operating below its capacity at 3% thus has room for further growth. There are fewer barriers to entry as the industry does not benefit from external economies of scale as does the Chinese apparel and textile industry. The increasing population and purchasing power in India is also a positive indicator of Superdry expansion. The Indian government in injecting significant amounts of money and providing support programmes for the industry growth. The tax rates are lower and so are the wages. The ava ilability of cheap labor is the most significant advantage Superdry will benefit from in India and the abundance of cotton resources makes it a feasible location (Jing 2010). Social The Indian society is rapidly adapting the western culture; the spread of western style clothing including jeans and t-shirts is common. English enjoys the importance as of the official language. The Indian lifestyle has evolved itself, creating more opportunities for international brand expansion. The population constitutes mostly of youth and Superdry is mostly targeted to that demographics. Youth is more prone to adaptation of western lifestyles and luxury consumption. Also, research shows that luxury consumption has increased in India since 2001; the extended family structure in India provides individuals with greater purchasing power as compared to china where members of the households usually earn for themselves and immediate family only. The Indian consumers are at the â€Å"show-off† stage of consuming international brands thus acquiring apparel from international brand is a status boost for average Indian consumer. Although Superdry, unlike other competitors like French Connection does not have a catchy logo, instead its logo is the unique prprostion as it is flexible in terms of writing, yet Indian society still likes to acquire international brands a sign of prestige (Teck-Yong 2010). Environmental Both India and China are amongst the emerging economies highly dependent on high- carbon fossil fuels and thus carbon emission in these two countries is considerably high. These â€Å"energy giants† require substantial energy to fuel a growing populations as well as a rapidly developing economy. The Chinese electricity consumption is expected to grow further and Beijing is heavily dependent on coal energy resources. It will incur very high fixed costs to expand Superdry in China as it would require a major structural change in order to introduce an environmentall y friendly production method of production while on the other hand, India has a vacuum and less production levels, it does not enjoy economies of scale yet. Thus these changes can be introduced with less costs incurred (Frauke 2009). SWOT Analysis of Chinese and Indian Textile Industry Based on the external environmental audit, the following opportunities and threats have been identified while the company analysis has enabled to identify the following strengths and weaknesses, useful in decision making for international expansion. SWOT Analysis of Chinese Textile Industry STRENGTHS Government has extended its fullest support to the industry by lower taxes, providing credit and easy access to foreign markets. Country has ample human and labour resources. Coordination between industry and financial institutions has allowed the industry to see great potential over the years. Worldwide acceptance of textile products produced by China. THREATS Restrictions under certain clauses of WTO still can be a threat to the Chinese textile products. Competition from developing countries such as Cambodia, India, Vietnam etc. could have adverse affect on the demand for Chinese products. WEAKNESSES There is a lack of strict intellectual property rights. Small and medium enterprises face difficulties to make entry into highly competitive market. The industry is still considered to be fragmented and much more effort is required. Technology being used in the industry requires revamping and high levels of investment may be required which could be difficult to achieve as the global economic conditions are uncertain. OPPORTUNITIES Textile liberation and expected abolition of export quotas can help the Chinese Textile industry. Foreign investment and cooperation will continue to play an important role in the Chinese textile industry as more and more brands and companies are shifting their production houses to China. financial institutions has allowed the industry to see great po tential over the years. Worldwide acceptance of textile products produced by China. Figure 1: SWOT Analysis of Chinese Textile Industry SWOT Analysis of Indian Textile Industry STRENGTHS Strong cotton base Cheap Labor Strong entrepreneurial class Flexibility in production and design Presence of intermediaries to serve as third party logistics Ability to handle value additions, embellishments etc. Good â€Å"cultural† comfort with US and Europe. Growing market for fashionable Western apparel Increased population Growing use of information technology THREATS Trade blocs and partnerships at the exclusion of India Location disadvantage: long transit time to key markets. Projected to have increased carbon emission by 2020, decreasing its popularity as a key investment opportunity Enhances competition from other countries similarly constrained by quotas Pricing pressure, following opening up of quotas. WEAKNESSES Poor work practices resulting in higher labor cost component i n many staple garments, in spite of low labor costs. Rigid government labor policy and lack rationalization of duties in MMF. High transaction and power cost. Too much emphasis on cotton, synthetic fiber base not equally developed. Fabric/processing still to gear up to meet international standards. Technological obsolescence and lower efficiencies. Lack of strong linkages between raw material supplier and the apparel manufacturer. Highly fragmented markets, unit production capacities very low in international standards. OPPORTUNITIES Quotas carried on in China after 2005. Good political equation with EU and US. Improvements in infrastructure and regulations Research and product development Buyers preferences for India, after China Understanding buyer needs because of language advantage Figure 2: SWOT Analysis of Indian Textile Industry India has significantly lower raw material costs, wastage costs and labor costs when compared to other countries as estimated India’s labo r costs to be amongst the lowest as $3 a day (www.labour.nic.in) whereas in China its $18 a day (International Labor Organization 1996-2011). India can offer flexibility in manufacturing as it is largely a fragmented market with average scale of operations smaller than that of China, meaning India has greater capacity to offer variations and postponement in design at the later stages of production. This facilitates mass customization as well helps to bridge the gap between mass customization and repetitive methods of production. India has fully developed textile value chain extending from fiber to fabric to garment exports. The capability across the entire value chain within the country is an advantage as it reduces the lead-time for production and cuts down the intermediate shipping time, which means a shorter through put and hence loyal clientele (Balasubramanyam 2005). India has large growing domestic market, as the disposable income level is increasing as well as consumer awaren ess and propensity to spend. General consumer mindset is changing that led to increased consumption of personal care and lifestyle products that again offer great growth opportunities for companies across various sectors including textiles. Further, the increasing preference for Western style apparel, including silhetous and leather jackets etc will make the market very receptive to the new brand (Teck-Yong 2010). India has built adequate infrastructure throughout the various stages in textile development, that is, design, sourcing, merchandising and production that enable companies for quality product design and development (Emme 2006). Despite a large and growing market, the presence of large number of small-scale players makes the Indian textile industry highly competitive. The high level of competition in the textile industry makes the firm to work efficiently by increasing productivity and innovation which results in manufacturers focusing on quality improvements, cost reductio n and high productivity. Quality can be ensured at all levels of production through a trained and motivated workforce. While at the same time, external pressures of environmental controls is likely to result in its conformance with the environmental regulations, which will also precisely mean a reduced popularity of Indian market as an investment opportunity (Balasubramanyam 2005). Porter’s Diamond Analysis for Chinese Textile Market China supports lucrative affairs. China has advanced international relations, expanding economy and effective government reforms, and these all factors support the textile companies to expand their businesses in China. The Chinese Textile Industry promotes structure adjustments and actively upgrade international and domestic markets and resources to provide a rapid and constant growth. The textile industry of China has always been one of the conventional pillar industries of the country. According to Chinese Council of International Trade,  "The outputs of Chinese cotton yarn, cotton cloth, woolen cloth, silk, chemical fiber and clothing have topped the world, and the export of clothing has been holding the first ranking in the world for many years†(CCPIT 2007). Porter’s Diamond Analysis for Indian Textile Industry Figure 3: Porter’s Diamond Analysis Indian textile industry Textile industry is a strong base for Superdry expansion as it has abundant cotton resources, cheap labor; wage rates are considerably lower than in the rest of the world and most importantly, the communicating is easy as most of the population is familiar and fluent with the use of English (Teck-Yong 2010). The industry is strengthened by government policies that allow greater opportunities in domestic and international market. Abundant raw material availability helps industry to control costs and reduce the lead-time across the operation. Low cost and skilled manpower availability provides competitive advantage to industry. L arge varieties of cotton fiber are available in large quantities and have a fast growing synthetic fiber industry. Government subsidies and export promotions in the industry create high growth potential and would provide Superdry incentives to enter and grow in India market. Hence there are fewer barriers to entry, as government promotes investments in this sector through extended credit terms and a subsidy of 10% with reimbursements of 5% as shown in the figure above (Emme 2006). India is also amongst the greatest users of information technology and benefits from an efficient flow of information throughout its production processes, making its supply chains integrated and coordinated. India’s strong performance and growth in the textiles sector is aided by several key advantages that the country enjoys, in terms of easy availability of labor and material, afloat and large market demand, presence of supporting industries and supporting policy initiatives from the government. T he textile industry is undergoing a major reorientation towards non-clothing applications of textiles such â€Å"as technical textiles like thermal protection and blood-absorbing materials, seatbelts, adhesive tape and multiple other specialized products and applications† (Kasturi 2010). Key Strategic Organizational Issues The form of business for Superdry would be a private limited company and the company will have a divisional structure of hierarchy. This division will be by geographic reach. Figure 4: Proposed Organizational Chart As shown in the organizational chart above, Superdry has many divisions and thus follows a multidivisional structure. Thus the span of control can be altered but the flow of information will be hindered because of a vast structure and hierarchy. Apart from this, operations concerns may also exist in the Indian division as just in time production methods may be difficult to employ. Firm must decide if it wants its supply chain to be responsive or efficient and will have to employ infrastructure to facilitate the strategic goals. Political risks and location of major markets will also be a concern for the firm (Kasturi 2010). Human resource issues include assessing the staffing needs and costs for adopting alternative strategies, motivating employees and developing a strategy supportive culture which would induce employees to support Superdry’s strategic goals. Research and development issues include hiring the trained and qualified employees to shorten the product life cycles by technological improvements in the products. It is a challenge to implement a well formulated RD plan. However, as the information technology is taking an up surge in India, this process is likely to be less difficult (Kasturi 2010). Information collection and retrieval is of immense importance for the firms and can be a determining factor for firms to gain competitive advantage. Efficient flow of information not only develops a coordinated an d integrated distribution networks and supply chains but also considerably reduces inventory costs and enhanced quality (Paul 2001). Recommendations Superdry must implement strategies from an environmental perspective as India is amongst the top countries emitting the highest carbon foot prints. Hence it could conduct regular environmental audits, offer bonuses for favorable environmental results, and provide environmental training to the employees and managers. It should invest in cross training for its employees in order to gain a competitive edge over its rivals in the form of better operations management. An Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) should be introduced in the Indian division, to motivate the employees in developing a strategy supportive culture. The employees will be more inclined towards maintaining the quality standards and performance benchmarks of Superdry Group Plc. The RD should be centralized in the head quarter in order to align the business activities more closely to the organizational objectives and in order to mitigate the conflict that may arise between different departments or divisions. Information systems should encourage direct communication between all production agents. PDA’s, retrieval systems, material requirement planning should all be used to gain efficiency in inventory management, cross docking and management. The organization should be relatively flat, allowing for a two way communication between the employees and the top management. This will facilitate a better understanding of the workforce culture in a new country that will further. List of References Balasubramanyam, N.V., 2005. Textiles and Clothing Exports from India and China: A Comparative Analysis. Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies. 3(1), pp. 23-37. Emme, Kozloff P., 2006. India’s Textile Industry; Asia’s Second Sleeping Giant. Bernstien Research. Frauke, Urban., 2009. Climate- Change Mitigation Revisited: Carbon Energy T ransmissions for China and India. Development Policy Review. 693-715. Gu, Qingliang, 1999. The Development of China Apparel Industry. Harvard Centre of Textile and Apparel Research. International Labour Organization., 2011. Statistics and Databases. Web. Jing, Ma., 2010. On Trade Barriers to China’s Textile Industry.International Journal of Business and Management. Kasturi, Das., 2010. Prospects and Challenges of Geographical Indications in India. The Journal of World Intellectual Property. 13, pp. 148-201. Paul, Joyce., 2001. Strategic Management. Great Britain: Bookcraft (CPI Group). Superdry Group Plc., Super Group Plc. 2011. Web. Teck-Yong, Eng., 2010. Psychological and Cultural Insights into Consumption of luxury Western Brands in India. Journal of Customer Behaviour, 9 (1), pp. 55-75. The Telegraph., August 27, 2011. How Superdry became 2010’s  £1bn fashion success story. Web. Appendix: Reflection The research has allowed the researcher to explore different asp ects of evaluating a business decision to expand in the international market. Selecting a target country requires a detailed and comprehensive investigation of the conditions prevailing in that market and what factors could determine the faith of the future of the project that is being considered for expansion. Different models and strategies have been developed and their detailed discussions are available in different books, articles and published reports. These models include PESTEL, SWOT, and Porter Diamond Model which have been used in this report. These models provide an opportunity to explore the target market by carrying out micro and macro level analysis. By considering external factors prevailing in the industry and evaluating company’s own capabilities and challenges to deal with these factors, these models thus provide a good way of understanding the market mechanism. The information to be collected for completion of these models and their analysis can come from di fferent sources including primary and secondary sources. Primary sources are more appropriate where the company aims to acquire first hand information which is not available through any other already existing source. However, this requires careful planning and investment to ensure that the purpose of primary research is achieved in the best possible manner over a period of time. Most of the academic business reports including the one presented above make use of secondary sources which could include books, journals, articles, reports, websites, and published research papers etc. Various secondary sources have been explored for acquiring information for completion of different parts of this report. Overall, the report writing project has been a challenging one which did require a significant amount of reading and then summarizing the findings in the most appropriate to form a case for India being more suitable for the expansion, as it has abundant cotton resources, cheap labor; wage r ates are considerably lower than in the rest of the world. An expansion of Superdry in India more profitable as apparel industry requires a greater level of customization in terms of color, size and fit as the nature of the business is variable and diversified. Further, India’s cheap currency will make it a profitable place for Super Dry to expand its operations as its exports will become cheaper and the cost of production will also be cheaper as compared to the Chinese Yuan. So Super Dry can have exposure to a more diversified set of capabilities and skills in terms of diligent workforce and an aggressive increase in the thrust for investments. This report on International Business – Superdry in India and China was written and submitted by user Noelle Vance to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Solitude of Prime Numbers Review Essay Example

The Solitude of Prime Numbers Review Paper Essay on The Solitude of Prime Numbers Strange and scary book about loneliness among men. It caused me a different feeling, a whole gamut: bewilderment, horror, sympathy, fear in anticipation of what the next minute can make the characters, in some moments of dislike for him. All exacerbated by a calm, somewhat aloof, cold as a razor blade, narrative, like a statement of fact:. So there Loneliness fills the entire space of the novel, it felt almost physically. It covers absolutely still young, enters their consciousness, disfiguring it and does not let go until the last minute. Amazingly, in the novel there is no happy man: unhappy heroes, hardly happy with their parents, even the star of the Lyceum Viola, leader of svolochnoy Four, and that malice from his loneliness. The only hero, Fabio, the personification of calm, reliable and clear certainty, always smiling, getting into the vicious circle of loneliness, becomes miserable neurotic. And also, I think, now lonely forever. Loneliness, corrodes the soul, lies in wait for all We will write a custom essay sample on The Solitude of Prime Numbers Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Solitude of Prime Numbers Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Solitude of Prime Numbers Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I have not once remembered the line from a famous poem by Mikhail Lermontov:. We have dried up by science barren mind . Highly developed intellect becomes the protagonist of his peculiar barrier against the outside world, but it is and prevent him to open his heart to the people close to him, even when he needs it. But if Mattia I can understand, then Alice I often do not understand at all. At first glance, it seems that the hero more brutal and determined, but he and the author does not give any chance to live a different life. Alice also administers its own hands their fate. She refuses all that would take her out of his stupor: the profession, which could well become even substitute feelings of a man who loves her, the very idea of ​​the capacity of womens happiness. And Im not sure what the cause is love. It seemed to me that in the novel generally very little about love, and therefore, perhaps, so much of loneliness. To the heroes I had an ambiguous attitude. They are, of course, very sorry, but it is a pity that a pity, a pity crippled, dying patients. Personally, I do not cause any more sense. Yes, their life was not originally developed. Here you can blame fate, parents, the case. But at the same time it was given to them, and a great deal: the mind, the talent, the will (though they used it in different ways). And the fact that they met the same can not be dismissed. They have not made any movement in the direction of his happiness. read the novel, and I can not get rid of some inner stupor. So many ugly side of life reflected and so impartial that sometimes scary: it really is our life ? The Solitude of Prime Numbers Review Essay Example The Solitude of Prime Numbers Review Paper Essay on The Solitude of Prime Numbers  « They are connected by invisible but strong thread, hidden under a pile of different things, thread, which can only exist between people, when they saw each others own loneliness . They this is Alice and Mattia the heroes of the novel of the Italian writer Paolo Giordano The author of this book theoretical physicist -. A specialist in elementary particle. The Solitude of Prime Numbers his first experience as a writer. However, it is to my mind immediately able to something that other master of words are in vain for years Paolo Giordano was able to write a book with an unusual story that leaves a mark on the soul of the reader. So, what is this novel? Of course, the loneliness. The fact that not every man is able to find his place in life. Moreover, the more youre not like the other, the harder it is to do it. Very often, the world is hostile to such people. Of course, I will not generalize, the fate of all different, but often it is. We may be difficult to accept people different from the others This is what happened with Alice lame, thin girl and Mattia the guy with the deep psychological trauma due to the fact he was once a child enrolled with her twin sister. Loneliness unites them, but is it enough, when the rest of the world can not understand them, even their own parents. Whether they can be happy in this world? Or, like, prime numbers, they may be near, but together they never be. Can the life violate the mathematical laws? We will write a custom essay sample on The Solitude of Prime Numbers Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Solitude of Prime Numbers Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Solitude of Prime Numbers Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I read the book avidly. Very worried for the characters. I wanted so much that they still were happy, in spite of everything. But is it possible?

Arican American Histry Essay Example

Arican American Histry Essay Example Arican American Histry Essay Arican American Histry Essay Atlanta, Georgia. | 1944| Graduated from Booker T. Washington High School and was admitted to Morehouse College at age 15. | 1948| Graduates from Morehouse College and enters Crozer Theological Seminary. Ordained to the Baptist ministry, February 25, 1948, at age 19. | 1951| Enters Boston University for graduate studies. | 1953| Marries Coretta Scott and settles in Montgomery, Alabama. | 1955| Received Doctorate of Philosophy in Systematic Theology from Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts on June 5, 1955. Dissertation Title: A Comparison of God in the Thinking of Paul Tillich and Henry Wiseman. Joins the bus boycott after Rosa Parks was arrested on December 1. On December 5, he is elected president of the Montgomery Improvement Association, making him the official spokesman for the boycott. | 1956| On November 13, the Supreme Court rules that bus segregation is illegal, ensuring victory for the boycott. | 1957| King forms the Southern Christian Leadership Conference to fight segregation and achieve civil rights. On May 17, Dr. King speaks to a crowd of 15,000 in Washington, D. C. | 1958| The U. S. Congress passed the first Civil Rights Act since reconstruction. Kings first book, Stride Toward Freedom, is published. On a speaking tour, Martin Luther King, Jr. is nearly killed when stabbed by an assailant in Harlem. Met with President Dwight D. Eisenhower, along with Roy Wilkins, A. Philip Randolph, and Lester Grange on problems affecting black Americans. | 1959| Visited India to study Mohandas Gandhis philosophy of nonviolence. Resigns from pastoring the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church to concentrate on civil rights full time. He moved to Atlanta to direct the activities of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. | 1960| Becomes co-pastor with his father at the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta, Georgia. Lunch counter sit-ins began in Greensboro, North Carolina. In Atlanta, King is arrested during a sit-in waiting to be served at a restaurant. He is sentenced to four months in jail, but after intervention by John Kennedy and Robert Kennedy, he is released. Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee founded to coordinate protests at Shaw University, Raleigh, North Carolina. | 1961| In November, the Interstate Commerce Commission bans segregation in interstate travel due to work of Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Freedom Riders. Congress on Racial Equality (CORE) began first Freedom Ride through the South, in a Greyhound bus, after the U. S. Supreme Court outlawed segregation in interstate transportation. | 1962| During the unsuccessful Albany, Georgia movement, King is arrested on July 27 and jailed. | 1963| On Good Friday, April 12, King is arrested with Ralph Abernathy by Police Commissioner Eugene Bull Connor for demonstrating without a permit. On April 13, the Birmingham campaign is launched. This would prove to be the turning point in the war to end segregation in the South. During the eleven days he spent in jail, MLK writes his famous Letter from Birmingham Jail On May 10, the Birmingham agreement is announced. The stores, restaurants, and schools will be desegregated, hiring of blacks implemented, and charges dropped. On June 23, MLK leads 125,000 people on a Freedom Walk in Detroit. The March on Washington held August 28 is the largest civil rights demonstration in history with nearly 250,000 people in attendance. At the march, King makes his famous I Have a Dream speech. On November 22, President Kennedy is assassinated. | 1964| On January 3, King appears on the cover of Time magazine as its Man of the Year. King attends the signing ceremony of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 at the White House on July 2. During the summer, King experiences his first hurtful rejection by black people when he is stoned by Black Muslims in Harlem. King is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize on December 10. Dr. King is the youngest person to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for Peace at age 35. | 1965| On February 2, King is arrested in Selma, Alabama during a voting rights demonstration. After President Johnson signs the Voting Rights Act into law, Martin Luther King, Jr. turns to socioeconomic problems. | 1966| On January 22, King moves into a Chicago slum tenement to attract attention to the living conditions of the poor. In June, King and others begin the March Against Fear through the South. On July 10, King initiates a campaign to end discrimination in housing, employment, and schools in Chicago. | 1967| The Supreme Court upholds a conviction of MLK by a Birmingham court for demonstrating without a permit. King spends four days in Birmingham jail. On November 27, King announces the inception of the Poor Peoples Campaign focusing on jobs and freedom for the poor of all races. | 1968| King announces that the Poor Peoples Campaign will culminate in a March on Washington demanding a $12 billion Economic Bill of Rights guaranteeing mployment to the able-bodied, incomes to those unable to work, and an end to housing discrimination. Dr. King marches in support of sanitation workers on strike in Memphis, Tennessee. On March 28, King leads a march that turns violent. This was the first time one of his events had turned violent. Delivered Ive Been to the Mountaintop speech. At sunset on April 4, Martin Luthe r King, Jr. is fatally shot while standing on the balcony of the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee. There are riots and disturbances in 130 American cities. There were twenty thousand arrests. Kings funeral on April 9 is an international event. Within a week of the assassination, the Open Housing Act is passed by Congress. | Figure 1: References: Kirk, J. (2009). THE LONG ROAD TO EQUALITY. History Today, 59(2), 52-58. Bowles, M. (2011). A History of the United States 1865-Present. Sand Diego, CA. :Bridgepoint Education Price, J. J. (2005). HEGEMONY, HOPE, AND THE HARLEM RENAISSANCE: TAKING HIP HOP CULTURE SERIOUSLY. Convergence, 38(2), 55-64. Milford, M. (2012). The Olympics, Jesse Owens, Burke, and the Implications of Media Framing in Symbolic Boasting. Mass Communication Society, 15(4), 485-505. doi:10. 1080/15205436. 2012. 665119 Bell, D. A. (2004). Silent Covenants : Brown V. Board of Education and the Unfulfilled Hopes for Racial Reform. Oxford University Press. McElmurry, S. (2009). Elvira Arellano: no Rosa Parks. Creation of us versus them in an opinion column. Hispanic Journal Of Behavioral Sciences, 31(2), 182-203. Margolin, V. (2012). The Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial: A Flawed Concept. Journal Of Visual Culture, 11(3), 400-408. doi:10. 1177/1470412912458070 lib. lsu. edu/hum/mlk/srs216. html Carson, C. (2005). The Unfinished Dialogue of Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X. OAH Magazine Of History, 19(1), 22-26. malcolm-x. org/bio/timeline. htm Holmes, M. (2009). The Freedom Riders. Smithsonian, 39(11), 70-75. nytimes. com/2008/11/05/us/politics/05elect. html? pagewanted=all_r=0 ALEX-ASSENSOH, Y. M. (2008). Change and the 2008 American Presidential Election. Politicka Misao: Croatian Political Science Review, 45(5), 235-243. Baker, S. (2010). Education and Equality: African American Teachers and the Civil Rights Movement, 1940-1963. NAAAS Affiliates Conference Monographs, 1025-1040.

Markting plane project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Markting plane project - Essay Example This offers a tremendous opportunity for the sale of optimum whey protein to the market. Consumers have become price conscious and have developed a need for affordable health products. Optimum whey protein will meet such a need by offering the products at cost effective prices. Recent market research studies indicate that consumers are also very conscious of their health and the content of what they consume (Brewer 95). Optimum whey protein contains high levels of proteins and less of carbohydrates which maintain good health. It also has very few side effects on consumers hence favorable for consumption. In recent years, consumers in the market for health products have shifted their preferences to demand more of products with natural tastes. The consumers have also increased their demand for products with high levels of proteins as they aim to boost their health. This is a wonderful opportunity for optimum whey protein to thrive because it contains high levels of proteins and low levels of carbohydrates. There has also been the entrance of new health products which have increased competition in the market. In the last five years, there has been increase in the demand for optimum whey protein among young professionals. This can be attributed to the fact that most of them are making efforts to keep their bodies healthy. The growth of the market for optimum whey protein is estimated to be about 5 percent each year. This growth has been consistent in the last five years and analysts record that the market may grow by 7 percent in the next five years (Brewer 57). The market growth has been characterized by increases in demand especially among athletes in the field of body building. The product has recorded an increase in usage among body building athletes because it contains high levels of protein, which is an important supplement for body builders. Clients in the market for health products consider a

Career and developing assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Career and developing assignment - Essay Example 18,700 per annum, On Target Earnings (OTE), monthly incentive scheme plus benefits. 3.0 Personal Specification Barclays Bank plc requires the services of a permanent banker in the Greater Manchester area. The position needs young, energetic minds with a college degree in management or business. The person must hold excellent communication and analytical skills and should be willing to work full time. The person should also be a quick learner as the job entails learning about new products, services and processes. It will be highly preferred if he is already exposed to a banking background but fresh graduates are also encouraged to apply. The applicant must possess obvious leadership qualities and the ability to deliver under stringent deadlines. The job will greatly challenge the diligence, analysis and the intelligence of the person as it requires understanding the customer's needs, recommending products and processing the required paperwork. The person must be confident in his abili ties and highly motivated to improve the financial condition of their clients. Last but not the least, possession of adequate computer skills is a prerequisite for the job. 4.0 Interview preparation The first step towards interview preparation is the company and job research. I should find more on the company background and the job skills required. The second step is my personal self assessment and evaluation and finding out about my own strengths and weaknesses. The last step is relating my skills, personality and qualifications with those required by the employer. Thus my CV and resume should match with the job description and personal specifications. 5.0 Summary of Organisation Barclays is a premier international bank which provides a range of financial services. Its main strategy for growth is to achieve growth by both diversification and market penetration. Since its basic aim is to be a global leader in the provision of financial services by helping customers and turning them into satisfied clients, it needs the service of highly motivated and committed individuals who are efficient in both working as teams and individually. The four main priorities of the Barclay group are Build the best bank in the UK Accelerate the growth of global businesses Develop retail and commercial banking activities in selected countries outside the UK For these services Barclay needs both collective and individual success which can be achieved by developing talented colleagues to reach their full potential. It is also achieved by clear customer focus and the pioneering of new ideas and the adding of diverse skills to its portfolio. . Key Competitors: In the UK market, the key competitors of Barclays PLC are HSBC Bank, Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS) and Deutsche Bank AG. According to Yahoo Finance research the direct competitor comparison is given in below table. Table 1.0 Competitors Source: Yahoo Finance Stakeholders: Barclays accepts that listening, learning, responding and w orking in partnership with their stakeholders is important to the way they do business. Its stakeholders include both its shareholders and investors but those of primary importance are its customers. This is so because without developing a loyal and large customer base, Barclays cannot generate revenues to satisfy its investors and shareholders. Thus the need of communication and analytical skills is of primary importance for any Barclay's employee since it is essential for getting and retaining

Globalisation and Its Effects on Organisations Essay

Globalisation and Its Effects on Organisations - Essay Example The researcher states that globalisation has created the best opportunities for all companies worldwide by increasing the level of employment and profitability of companies drastically over few years. Companies are able to utilise labour, capital and resources to the best of their ability. They also effectively changed their ways of operation than that in the past. Organisations not only introduced office automation but at the same time, incorporated various improvements in techniques of management. They started to stress more on the division of work and labour. As a result, greater emphasis was put on centralization, decentralisation, control, coordination, culture and communication. With the essence of globalisation, there was development in the structure of organizations. Centralisation became the choice for most companies as this helped them to coordinate and control easily, reduce all sorts of duplication, perform consistently, incorporate necessary changes in the system effortl essly and accordingly fulfil goals and targets. There were various other opportunities that globalisation has brought along in the form of labour available at the cheapest possible price. The developed countries extensively took advantage of cheap labour available in the developing countries for manufacturing their products at lowest possible prices and then sell them at high margins.   Countries like U.S.A. also began with the revolution of outsourcing. Outsourcing enabled them to reduce the level of unemployment in various countries as well as receive the services at least possible cost.

Achieving Genting Theme Park Objectives Through Marketing

Achieving Genting Theme Park Objectives Through Marketing Tourist attraction is a place of interest to visit that is very popular with tourists whether from local or foreign country. Normally, places of tourist attractions are brings organizations that operate their business in tourism industries tend to overprice their goods and services in order to gain profits. (Viewed 20th December 2009, However in Malaysia, with growing economies in the country, Malaysia rapidly become hotspot for amusement and also developments of theme park in tourism industries. In Malaysia, there are many tourist attractions available for local or foreign tourists to visit; one of the tourist attractions is Genting Theme Park. Genting Theme Park is one of the famous theme parts under Genting Malaysia Berhad which consists of Fist world indoor theme park, outdoor theme park and Water Park. 1.1 The role of Marketing in Helping Genting Theme Park in Achieve Its Objectives As a leading brand in theme park industry, Genting Theme Park can rarely satisfy everyone in a market. Therefore, Genting Theme Park then decides which segment presents the greatest opportunity in target markets. Its targets in kids and family markets visit to their theme park. In order to achieve theme park objectives to be the leading leisure, hospitality and entertainment organization in the world, which will responsive to the changing demands to customers and excel in providing quality services. As were seen the main objectives of an organization is to maximize the revenue and profits, and at the same time also to satisfy needs, wants and demands of customers. The role marketing plays in society is a societal process by which individual and groups obtain what they need and want through offering and freely exchanging products and services of value with each others and the role of marketing in helping Genting Theme park to achieve their objectives is plays an important part and eff orts of an organization in order to develop satisfying relationship with customers that benefit for the both parties, the organization and the customers. These efforts will lead marketing to serve an important role within organizations. However without a strong marketing effort, unlikely of an organization can survive in the tourism market. Normally what the public or costumers knows more about an organization services that provided is depends on their interactions with marketers. Therefore, it is important of Genting Theme park to do the research and development (RD) to meet the needs and wants of the costumers in the market because it has direct effect on sales and profitability for Genting Theme Park. (Viewed 20th December 2009 ) Doing the marketing research and development is very important in order to know what features to design into new services in the theme park, what prices should offer to customers and how much to spend on advertising or sales compare with other competitors. Therefore in marketing point of view, tourism industries commonly would use of four major mass communication tools which is advertising, sales promotions packages, events and experiences, and public relations and publicity for the various customers especially tourists that come from foreign country to knows more about the theme park information about the services, promotions packages and useful massage that provided to their value customers. For example, television advertisements is generally know as the most powerful advertising medium and directly reaches a broad spectrum of costumers. It can be an effective means of vividly demonstrating product and service attributes and persuasively explaining their corresponding consumer bene fits. 2. Social element of the macro environment that are currently impacting Theme Park industry Theme park industry performance could reflect by social issue, social issue either positive or negative is significant role whether difficultly or unhindered to achieve the vision of theme park industry in the future. 2.1 Migration Firstly, migration from one district to another was become an opportunity for theme park industry to hire local communities manage or operate the theme park facilities. In Malaysia, resident had shift their hometown in order to find job at capital city, such as Kuala Lumpur, the situation causing population of capital city increased, therefore as short distance of Genting from Kuala Lumpur become a perfect geography strength to attract local communities working at Genting Theme Park, cause people apply Genting job and employee shortage condition rare occurred. So Genting often had sufficient employee to serve customers especially during the festival such as Chinese New Year, Deepavali, and Christmas Day and so on. 2.2 Global Crisis Secondly, social issues such as global crisis would affect consumers visit to theme park, usually national government advice resident reduce go aboard to foreign and visitors may worry accidence occurred when outbreak global crisis. For example, in 2003, Iraq war and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) breakout causing local visitor and foreigner choose stay away from crowded placed. Through genting has implemented various events to increased number of customers consume in theme park during the difficult period, however the result show that profit before tax of Genting was decreased to RM1, 131 million compare to previous year around RM1, 195 million. (genting, 2003) Consequently, the global crisis would bring negative impact on Genting unavoidable, Genting must expect global crisis may occur in the future and draw up few set of solution to solve these issues. 2.3 Natural Environment Issue Thirdly, natural environment issue may also affect policy on operating theme park industry indirectly. The nature environment issue such as global warming has became serious in recent years, that would brought various natural disasters around the world. Therefore society has awareness the environment pollution that threaten their life, society will concern about global warming and support companies going green. Hence theme park industry has engaged and practice various method to reduce global warming. For example, Genting theme park has installed water flow restrictor that function was reduce water consumption around 5% each month, the cost of material would reduced. In addition, Genting theme park also installation of energy devices and minimum boiler process to reduce heat and air pollution. Furthermore, Genting corporate has planning and development various conservation programmed in the future. These programmed could brought advantage on reduce resource waste and simultaneously o btain margin profit in Genting corporate. (Nre, 2009) 3.0 Economic element of the macro environment that are currently impacting Theme Park industry Theme park industry is currently being impact by the economic elements of the macro environment such as currency exchange rate and unemployment rate. 3.1 Exchange rate The exchange rate affects the oversea tourists coming to their country. In U.K, their British pound exchange rate cost higher than other countries, which makes the tourists unable to afford the expenses to a tour in U.K. A lower British pound exchange rate makes the tourists able to afford the expenses for park experience. A reasonable exchange rate among both countries like U.K and Malaysia, Euro countries and Malaysia will effect on the buying power of the tourists, so the tourist will pay a visit to the park. The currency exchange rates policy either limited by government or followed the global economy trend will positively or negatively affects the tourists attendance. (viewed 20th december2009, ) 3.2 Unemployment rate The unemployment rate is one of the major factors that are influencing the theme park industrys attendance. Unemployment rate in local and oversea will bring different effects to the theme parks attendance, either fewer tourists with more local visitors or vice versa. (http://www.anderson.ucla.edu/documents/areas/ctr/ccp/ThemeParkAttendance%28bw%29.pdf) The revenue the people earn will spend part of it with families going to theme park for leisure time to enjoy during the weekend. If the unemployment rate getting higher in the countries, those people normally will not spending their money in the theme park and they will aim for the theme park promotion period for cheaper ticket. 4.0 Customer element of the micro environment that are currently impacting Genting Theme Park Customer is the person, company,orother entity which buys goods and services produced by another person, company, or other entity. So, customers are playing a very important role in market. Genting Highland Theme Park the first mission is to be responsive to the changing demands of our customers and excel in providing quality products and services. (viewed 2009/12/05 http://www.gentingmalaysia.com/annualreports/2008/rwb2008_missioncontents.pdf) 4.1 The Age and Stage In The Life Cycle The age and stage in the life cycle concept will impact upon the Genting Theme Park. They come from different group status, such as children, youngsters, adult and elderly customers. This is because consumers are from different group of age stage they will impact Genting to build or create new games to service the consumers when traveling at Genting Threme Park. Genting Theme Park will serve their customers with different age with different game either in indoor or outdoor. Such as the customers from children and teenager the indoor games such as Malaysias first 4D Motion Master Theater to give the education movie for them. Because adult customers they will aspire stimulate entertainment and new creative game, Genting Theme Park will build the game in outdoor such as Flying Coaster is the first in Asia. Family life cycle from customers also will impact to Genting Theme Park. In the end of the year holiday season parent will bring their children go to travel therefore family relations hip between parent and children when travel at Genting Theme Park. (Philip Kotler and Kelvin Lane Keller, 2009) 4.2 Consumer Consumption Concept The consumers consumption concept changed impacting the Genting Theme Park. Nowadays each customers had basic education and they consider consumption concept not only focus on buying products, that they know their rights and also consist service consumption, therefore customers would spend more money consume on services in entertainment. As service entertainment industry corporate, Genting provide Theme Park either indoor or outdoor to satisfied demand of customers. Customers can enjoy these exciting game simultaneously that improved family relationship between parents and children. Customers consider ticket price of Genting Theme Park was worth to consume, they could going and playing these entertainment facilities with a whole day. But how when the consumers think that what Genting Theme Park provide is not worthy? 5.0 Competitor Element of the Micro Environment That Are Currently Impacting Genting Theme Park Competitor means a business that provides similar products or services. The presence of competitors in an industry drives down the price of goods and services because consumers have more alternatives from which to choose if the price of a particular good or service is too high. For Genting Theme Park, it also facing different competitor since they joined in this industry. 5.1 Threat of intense segment rivalry In a business field, the competitiveness between corporate will become very strong if it already contains numerous, strong competitor. In Malaysia, Genting Theme park is not only the one numerous and strong theme park, there still have many different theme park that have the competitiveness to compete with Genting. The competition like frequent price wars, advertising battles and promotion battle between Genting Theme Park and other themes park, all these lead Genting have to constantly compare its marketing strategies, products, prices and promotion with other competitors. Otherwise, this will make it expensive to compete. This happen more frequently especially in the holiday period. 5.2 Threats of High Entrants and Low Exits In a business field, competitiveness is high when the entry barriers are higher than exit barriers. Firm enter during good times but find it hard to leave during bad time. As the result, this will leads to chronic overcapacity and depressed earnings for all. In this last 10 years, the new entry of other theme park in Malaysia is more than the exit entry. Many firms join and stay in this industry as long as they can get profit from this industry but if they cannot, as long as they keep continued presence, this will cause dampens profit for everyone. In directly, this lead Genting Theme Park has to dealing with even more competitors in order to keep survived in this business field. 5.3 Threat of Substitute Products A segment is unattractive when there are actual or potential substitutes of the product. If technology advances or competition increases in these substitute industries, prices and profits in the segment are likely to fall. For example, electronic games and theme park is categorized in the entertainment field. Nowadays, the introduced of electronic games like play station, PSP, and computer games becomes a common and necessary amusement tool by the world. People will visit Genting theme park because to have fun, and so that same with playing electronic games-all is about fun. With the introduced of the electronic games, this success attracted the major target of customer of Genting Theme Park, like teenagers. Virtually, this creates a competition between of electronic game business field and Genting Themes Park which in the same business field entertainment. 6.0 Conclusion Marketers do not make decision about target market and marketing mix variables in a vacuum. Research and study should be applied in order to further understanding the market. This will help marketer in making the business plan and business decision

a day in my life :: essays research papers

The Day My Life Changed I stepped through the door to my grandmother and grandfather's home without even aknock. My grandpa looked up from the television he was watching, from his cozy comer chair.He had a head of snowy white hair gleaming in the room. Over his broad body, hung a navy bluedress shirt and a fuzzy cardigan sweater. He wore slacks, held up awkwardly by a belt, allowinghis small potbelly to hang over it. His face showed the years of worry and stress, and his whitebushy eyebrows and growing second chin showed his old age. His smile greeted me. As I drewclose to him, his aging arms reached out and wrapped around my body and pulled me into a warmloving hug. As he released me from the hug, I said, "Grandpa, I have some news I want you tohear" as I plopped down in the chair beside him. "I wanted to let you know that I am getting married," I told him.The room was left in a dead silence, frozen for a brief period of time, as we recovered from the intensity of the news I had brought him. Reaching for the remote to turn off the television, my grandfather looked at me. Before he could say a word, the excitement of an unseen grandmother came from the kitchen.Both our eyes looked toward the cheerful light and the sounds of my grandmother's excitemen tAs the excitement faded away, his eyes turned toward mine. Awaiting his comments, my eyes were open wide. Excitement had filled my body, because of the news I had just brought him."Wonderful, go ahead and tell me all about it," he exclaimed.Well, I woke up this morning just as I always do, but this time it was to the ringing of the phone. I reached for the phone and said "Hello," and on the other end was my boyfriend. He said he needed to see me as soon as possible, so I said "OK," and went to meet him. When I arrived at his house, he met me at the door and asked me to come in and have a seat on the couch, I was a little worried at this time. I sit down on the couch and he kneeled down in front of me on one knee, I just looked at him knowing now, what he was up to. This is what he said, "I know wehave been through a lot here lately, but I also kn ow that we can go through a lot more as long as

Norwalk Virus

Norovirus, also known as the â€Å"Norwalk Virus†, is a highly contagious food-related illness that got its name when it was first discovered in Norwalk, Ohio in 1972It is said to be frequently found in cruise ships, daycares and nursing homes that hold large amounts of people in close proximityCauses of Norovirus include a cook or bartender serving food or drink without washing their hands properly, having direct or close contact with someone is infected (touching them and then touching the mouth or nose) and drinking an infected person's water or using their utensilsThe very first cause listed is something an individual may not be able to control, which is why norovirus is so common and contagious.The more ordinary symptoms of norovirus include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal cramps, but the more unlikely symptoms consist of headache, a fever, chills and muscle aches3.A person exposed to this illness can expect to develop symptoms within 24 to 48 hours4, which may f eel like a long amount of time, but isn't as bad as other illnesses. More serious effects of Norovirus can include not getting enough nutrients and fluids in your system, which would lead to malnutrition and dehydration5. There is no medicinal treatment for norovirus, but drinking lots of water and sticking to your regular eating schedule will help in avoiding these effects. The person will be contagious from the moment they are ill to at least 3 days after recovery4, so it is best not to touch them or be near them as much as possible as mentioned previously.Shellfish such as oysters and raw fruits and vegetables are the most likely sources if they have been contaminated by unclean water2. Cruise ships serving large amounts of shellfish that wasn't checked for contamination is guaranteed to get at least one passenger sick, which is why it's better to be mindful of this and stick with the foods that you know are safe to eat. Untreateddrinking water is a major source as well that has been linked to norovirus2, so running water through a filter is essential when wanting to avoid norovirus. Proper hygiene and safe food preparation is key when aiming to prevent norovirus. Wash hands with warm water and soap after going to the washroom, before and after preparing food, and changing a dirty diaper4. Constant hand washing will help insure that the bacteria from one object will not remain on your hands and transfer over to another area. Keeping raw meat, poultry and seafood away from other items in your cart when shopping and having a separate grocery bag is very important in terms of making sure cross contamination doesn't occur4. A person can also prevent others from getting Norovirus by not going to work and avoiding travelling for the duration of their illness. Taking a few days off work will speed up the affected person's recovery and not get anyone else ill at the same time.

More About Indirect Objects in Spanish

More About Indirect Objects in Spanish In Spanish, you may find indirect object pronouns where you least expect them, at least if your native language is English. That is because in Spanish, the indirect object pronouns have a much wider variety of uses than they do in English. As you may recall, in English the indirect object pronouns are used almost exclusively to indicate that someone has been the recipient of a verbs action although not directly acted upon. Thus, in English, the indirect object is often a shorter substitute for saying something is being done to or for someone. The same usage is common in Spanish (although the use of the indirect object is usually mandatory in such sentences, not so in English). A few examples should help explain this usage: English: I am giving him the books. Spanish: Le doy los libros. Explanation: Book (libro) is the direct object of the verb because it is the object that is given. The indirect object is him, because he is the recipient of the action. The English sentence is the equivalent of I am giving the book to him. English: He showed her the house. Spanish: Le enseà ±Ãƒ ³ la casa. Explanation: House (casa) is the direct object because it is what was shown. The indirect object is her, because she is the recipient of the action. The English sentence is the equivalent of He showed the house to her. English: They are serving us the dinner. Spanish: Nos sirven la cena. Explanation: Dinner (cena) is the direct object because it is what is being served. The indirect object is us, because we are the recipients of the action. The English sentence is the equivalent of They are serving the dinner to us. In Spanish, indirect object pronouns are used in similar sentences that would be awkward in English. For example, while it is possible to say, They are painting me a house, it would be more common to say, They are painting a house for me. In Spanish, there is no awkwardness; the normal sentence construction still would be Me pintan una casa. The main point of this lesson, however, is that Spanish uses the indirect objects in many cases where it would be impossible to do so in English. As noted above, English typically uses the indirect object for cases in which the object is the recipient of some object or action. In Spanish, however, the indirect object can be used in other types of instances where the object is merely affected by the action. The use of the pronoun indicates only that the person was affected by the verb; exactly how the person was affected is determined by the context. Also, in English it is almost always the case that a sentence with an indirect object also has a direct object (as in the above examples). However, in Spanish there are some verbs (the most common being gustar, to be pleasing) that take an indirect object without needing a direct object. Following are examples that should help clarify some common types of uses of indirect objects. The indirect object pronouns le and les (the third-person indirect objects) are used in the following examples to make it clear that an indirect object pronoun is being used. (In the first and second persons, the indirect and direct objects are the same; for example, me can function as either an indirect or direct object.) Indicating that a person received some emotion, sensation, result or impression: El trabajo le abruma. (The work is overwhelming to her.) Le gusta el programa. (The program is pleasing to him.) No voy a explicarle las teorà ­as. (I am not going to explain the theories to you.) Les obligà ³ que comer. (He forced them to eat.) La decisià ³n le perjudicà ³. (The decision harmed him.) Les es ventajoso. (It is advantageous to them.) Indicating a loss of something: Le robaron cincuenta euros. (They took 50 euros from her.) Le sacaron un rià ±on. (They took out one kidney from her.) Le comprà © el coche. (I bought the car from him or I bought the car for him.) Las inversiones le devaluaron. (The investments lost money for him.) With various phrases using hacer or tener: Les hacà ­a  feliz. (It made them happy.) Les tengo miedo. (Im afraid for them.) Le hizo daà ±o. (It hurt her.) When a verb affects a body part or an intimate possession, particularly clothing. In such cases, the pronoun is seldom translated to English: Se le cae el pelo. (His hair is falling out. Note that, as in this example, when a reflexive verb is used, the reflexive pronoun comes before the indirect-object pronoun.) Le rompieron los anteojos. (They broke his glasses.) With certain verbs to indicate sufficiency or insufficiency. The pronoun isnt always translated to English. Le faltan dos euros. (She is two euros short.) Les bastan 100 pesos. (A hundred pesos is enough for them.) When making requests or addressing someone: Le pidieron dos libros. (They asked her for two books.) Les exigià ³ mucho dinero. (It required much money from them.) Les dijo que es peligroso. (He told them it is dangerous.)