Is Conceptual Critiques Relevant for Psychology - 1472 Words

We shall consider Skinner’s Operant Conditioning theory as another type of example on Conceptual Critiques (Skinner, 1963). His theory states that the best way to understand a behavior is to look at the association made between the behavior and the consequence of that behavior. Although Skinner’s primary interest was in human behavior, most of his research was done on animals using laboratory apparatus well known as the Skinner box. Hence, in his experiment, Skinner placed rats in the Skinner box and observed its’ behaviors. Initially, these rats would be randomly moving around exploring, and would usually press the bar accidently. At this point, a food pellet would drop into the tray. He observed that if a hungry rat receives a pellet of†¦show more content†¦Moreover, these authors had also purposely ignored asking the child’s justifications, repetitive questioning and did not offer counter suggestions (Siegel, 1982). Although, now it widely accepted that young children that have been qualified to have operational competencies, on further analysis there were only preoperational competencies (Lourenà §o Machado, 1996). In this example, Conceptual Critiques were a defense for Piaget’s theory. In science, experimentation and statistical analysis of data are important practices. However, they are taken as ends rather than means. Besides, when questions that are only answerable by experiments are deemed to be worth asking; when experiments are published because they use sophisticated techniques; and when numbers are advantaged regardless of whether true measurement has been achieved then, science would be regarded as bias towards factual inquiries. Piaget’s theory would an example of how Conceptual Critiques could be a defensive mechanism to uphold the integrity of a theory. Since he stated his concepts, inferences and hypothesis clearly, it is now an advantage for him to prevent future condemnations of his work. In other words, when taken Conceptual Critiques into consideration it could be used to increase theoretical accuracy. Thus, I would like to stress that Psychologist should take C onceptual Critiques into consideration in theirShow MoreRelated A Perception and Motivation Study Among Married Adults Essay1629 Words   |  7 PagesResearch Article Critique: Forgiveness: A perception and motivation study among married adults Abstract The article is endeavors to observe the possible correlation between general forgiveness (actually forgiving) and perceptions of forgiveness (a belief in the concept). This is a summary analyzing the credibility of the article. The summary includes a brief overview and critique of the title, abstract, literature review, methodology, a review of results and discussion, andRead MoreEssay about The Development of Cognitive Psychology747 Words   |  3 Pagesdevelopment of cognitive psychology. Cognitive psychology is the segment of psychology that explores internal mental processes such as visual processing, memory, problem solving, and language. Cognitive psychology also focuses on information processing and the method of how people store, manipulate and use information (Barsalou, 2005). With an emphasis on thought processes, cognitive psychology also explores and discusses thinking and knowledge acquisition as conceptual terms. Well known contributorsRead MoreA Critique on the Thesis1383 Words   |  6 PagesA Critique on the Thesis: Shirley, C.C.S. (2004) The Relationship among Eating Attitudes, Slimming Behaviors and Perfectionism in a Non-Clinical Population, Hong Kong University e-theses data base This paper is to critique a thesis titled The Relationship among Eating Attitudes, Slimming Behaviors and Perfectionism in a Non-Clinical Population by Shirley, C.C.S. (2004).This thesis can be found on the database of Hong Kong University. This report mentions the slimming pheromone in Hong Kong, andRead MoreThe Critical And Conceptual Inquiry2264 Words   |  10 PagesIn the early 1950’s, Ludwig Wittgenstein (1953) openly condemned psychology as a discipline plagued with conceptual confusion, and rife with experimental methods that are often completely irrelevant to the problems they set out to solve. Although written over half a century ago, Wittgenstein’s criticism actively reflects the distinct conundrum of modern day psychology, in which expeditious empirical expansion is coupled with conceptual and theoretical turmoil (Hacker, 2007). Despite this ambiguityRead MoreIntroduction Published in May 2011 the paper entitled â€Å"The relation of depression and anxiety in1300 Words   |  6 Pagesthis paper, it is my intention to critique the aforementioned paper and provide an overview on the following areas, methods and samples, subjects and outcome measures, results, critical evaluation and the contribution to medical science. Critique of an Observational, Descriptive, Cross-sectional Study The published study was retrieved from The International Journal of Psychology and Counselling and was authored by Lama M. Al-Qaisy from the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Tafila TechnicalRead MoreOrathinkal Critique2519 Words   |  11 PagesForgiveness: A Perception and Motivation Study Among Married Adults: Orathinkal Critique Liberty University Abstract This paper is a comprehensive evaluation of an article entitled â€Å"Forgiveness: A Perception and Motivation Study Among Married Adults.† The researchers of this study are Jose Orathinkal, Alfons Vansteenwegen, Roger Burggraeve. This paper will attempt critique and evaluate all pertinent and assigned elements within this article. DDuring this comprehensive evaluation weRead MoreEssay about Person Environment -Correspondence Counseling2723 Words   |  11 PagesPerson-Environment-Correspondence Counseling Freya Cooper-Richardson Troy University-Phenix City Vocational Psychology and Career Development PSY 6635 Dr. Thomas Peavy April 01, 2011 Person-Environment-Correspondence Counseling The concept of person-environment fit (P-E fit) is central to research in organizational behavior, organizational psychology, and human resource management (Dawis Lofquist, 1984; Edwards, Caplan, Harrison, 1998; Holland, 1997; Kristof, 1996; Walsh, CraikRead MoreHow to Write a Research Proposal1728 Words   |  7 Pagesevery research proposal. The specific research problem will dictate what other sections are required. Key components are: †¢ A description of the research problem. †¢ An argument as to why that problem is important. †¢ A review of literature relevant to the research problem. †¢ A description of the proposed research methodology. †¢ A description of how the research findings will be used and/or disseminated. DESCRIBING A RESEARCH PROBLEM Before your proposal can make sense to a reader, he orRead MoreBipolar Disorders And Its Effects On Everyday Life1737 Words   |  7 Pageshave three matching symptoms at this moment, and is likely to have another one depending upon the interpretation of her symptom, anxious distress features, moderate severity can be given. Conceptual Formulation Ms. NS’s case will be conceptualized using Psychodynamic orientation. According to the Ego Psychology, Freud postulated a theory where â€Å"id† is the primitive component of self, ego is a mediator between the primary instincts (known as â€Å"id†) and the societal values and external expectation (termedRead MoreWays of Evaluating a Nursing Theory.6416 Words   |  26 Pagesis important to know how to describe, analyze, and critique (evaluate) theory. While empirical testing of theory is important, it is but one part of the evaluation of theory. Meleis (1985) states that theory evaluation provides for constructive criticism, further theory development, and helps the evaluator develop an appreciation for the process of theory development. Essentially, one main purpose of evaluation is to allow for an informed critique of theory before (and after) conducting research,